The KELT Follow-Up Network: Crowd-Sourced Photometry Rob Siverd (LCOGT) Hotwired IV

What is KELT? Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope Wide-field photometric survey for bright transiting exoplanets (~15 discovered!) Coarse pixel scale (23 arcsec, defocused) Wide bandpass Amateur- and commercial-grade hardware Stable (but ugly) PSF Difference Imaging Pipeline (ISIS-based) Bright, high-value targets (8 < V < 10)

Why 8 < V < 10?

KELT-North and KELT-South Pepper, J., 2012, “The KELT-South Telescope”, PASP, 124, 230 Pipeline and reductions: Siverd, R. J., et al. 2012, “KELT-1b: A Strongly Irradiated, Highly Inflated, Short Period, 27 Jupiter-mass Companion Transiting a Mid-F Star”, ApJ, 761, 123 Pepper, J., et al. 2007, "The Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT): A Small Robotic Telescope for Large-Area Synoptic Surveys", PASP, 119, 923

Bandpass

Bandpass

Performance ~50,000 stars per field 1% error for V < 10

Observing Fields Colors indicate differing time baseline

KELT’s FOV 26°x26°

KELT’s FOV 4.6’ x 4.6’ 26°x26° KELT-North Keck = 10.4 meters FTN = 2 meters 4.6’ x 4.6’ 26°x26°

KELT’s FOV 4.6’ x 4.6’ 4.6’ x 4.6’ 26°x26° KELT-North Faulkes Telescope North Keck = 10.4 meters FTN = 2 meters 4.6’ x 4.6’ 4.6’ x 4.6’ 26°x26°

KELT’s FOV KELT-North Faulkes Telescope North Keck = 10.4 meters (Obtained with NIRC2 adaptive optics) FOV ~ 1/5 KELT pixel FTN = 2 meters (Part of LCOGT) 4.6’ x 4.6’ 4.6’ x 4.6’ 26°x26°

Extra Photometry Required Depth uncertainty due to blending/dilution (consequence of our DIA pipeline) Source confusion (giant pixels) False positives due to imperfect calibration and pointing issues (e.g., hot pixels)

Solution: Photometry Crowd ~50 telescopes around the world Sites include backyards and pro observatories Apertures from 0.3m (12”) to 2m Wide variety of filters available Amateurs, professionals, and educators Observations taken at leasure (or request) Results emailed to Google Group Key software contributions from collaborators

Solution: Photometry Crowd

Typical Results

Candidate Management (Google Docs)

Candidate Dissemination: Tapir Public version (exoplanets.org): http://astro.swarthmore.edu/transits.cgi Public code: http://hven.swarthmore.edu/~jensen/tapir.html http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ascl.soft06007J https://github.com/elnjensen/Tapir

Tapir Search Interface

Example Output: BOS

Motivation and Incentives Fun! Scientific interest Authorship or coauthorship Learning new skills Challenging Bored of “pretty pictures” …