INSTRUMENTATION DMPS – H-TDMA – CCN COUNTER – DIFFERENTIAL MOBITY PARTICLE SIZER H-TDMA – HYGRSCOPIC TANDEM DMA CCN COUNTER – CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI COUNTER Humidifier dry particles wet particles Measures diameter hygroscopic growth at sub-saturations:

New Lund H-TDMA now under construction Active temperature control on both DMAs (excellent RH stability) Closed-loop sheath air on both DMAs (no compressor needed) Scanning DMA2 voltage, not stepping (better time resolution) CPC CPC DMA1 box DMA2 box DMA2 box DMA1 driers Front view Side view

TDMA systems on ASCOS 2008 H-TDMA (Hygroscopicity, Lund Univ.) UFO-TDMA (Ultrafine Organic, Kuopio Univ.) V-TDMA (Volatility, IFT Leipzig) VH-TDMA (Volatility – Hygroscopicity, Queensland Univ.)

VH-TDMA Look in situ at particle hygroscopicity before during and after volatilisation. humidify Select Size Examine size DT:H GT:H= DT:H/DT D0 Heat Examine size Hydrophilic Hydrophobic DT Hydrophilic Hydrophilic

LABORATORY: OPC – Volatility Determines size segregated aerosol composition and mixing mode. 1 Hz, 32 chan, PMS PCASP preceded by 500 W heater Size range: 0.05 < R < 5 µm Temperature range: 70 < T < 800 ºC Temperature scan duration: 15 minutes Flow rate: 0.12 l/min Power: 240 VAC LABORATORY: SMPS – Volatility Determines size segregated aerosol composition and mixing mode. 64 chan SMPS, built in house using TSI Long column, preceded by 500 W heater. Size range: ~10 < R < ~240 nm Temperature range: Laboratory < T < 800ºC (user defined 50ºC increments) Sample flow: 1 l/min, Sheath flow: 6 – 10 l/min SMPS scan duration: 2.5 minutes Delay for temperature stabilisation: 2 minutes Contains AM 241 radiation source LABORATORY: CPC – TSI 3025 1 Hz Concentration: R > 3 nm Flow rate: 1.5 l/min, Power: 240 VAC HELICOPTER: CLASP 10 Hz, 16 chan, Optical Particle Counter Size range: 0.12 < R < 9 µm Flow rate: 3 l/min Power: 24 VDC Coms Protocol: RS485 Size: 24 x 8 x 6 cm, 0.5 kg LABORATORY: OPC – PMS PCASP 1 Hz, 32 chan, number concentration: 0.05 < R < 5 µm Flow rate: 0.12 l/min, Power: 240 VAC

Ammonium sulphate Ammonium bisulphate VOC ?

Inlet for aerosols and gases Helicopter Vertical profiling Gases (PTR-MS, Univ. Innsbruck) Particles (Univ. Lund, Stockholm)

Aerosol inlet Gas inlet

CPC UCPC OPC Pump Aerosol inlet Aerosol rack

AOE-2001 Helicopter Aerosol System Aerosol Instrumentation Rack TSI UCPC 3025: Dp > 3 nm TSI CPC 3760A: Dp > 15 nm CLIMET OPC CI500: Dp > 300 nm PC CPC UCPC OPC Pump Aerosol inlet Isokinetic at 70 km/h

Time Resolution 1 Hz  Good Altitude Resolution Ultrafine Particle Concentrations (Dp < 15 nm) Flight #23, 8 August 2001, 88.3N Arctic Boundary Layer Height at 350 m