How we get our minerals and rocks Mining How we get our minerals and rocks
What things can form minerals? Surface water carrying dissolved minerals When salt water evaporates Presence of groundwater Magma can carry crystals
ORE: A natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the mineral to be mined profitably A material that is not man-made, It is pure and worth lots of money and companies can sell it to make a profit
What affects how much ore is worth? Cost of extracting vs the value of the ore Usually have to be processed Gold ore
How can we mine for ore? Surface mining (pits, surface coal mines, quarries) Subsurface mining
a. Open Pits To remove large, near-surface deposits of things like gold and copper Explosives Transport away
b. Surface Coal Mines Aka “strip mining”
c. Quarries Open pits that are used to mine building stone, crushed rock, sand, gravel
2 mining methods: Surface mining Subsurface mining
Subsurface Mining When mineral deposits are too deep Dig passageways into the Earth
What is responsible mining? Mining can destroy or disturb habitats of plants and animals Waste products can pollute water
Ways to fix: Reclamation: the process by which land used for mining is returned to its original state or better Required by law
Ways to fix: Another way to be responsible: reduce mineral product use, recycle, etc
Your Job: Read 78-79 Fill in the notes as you read Homework: Page 79