Central and South America – Mexico – Cuba – Haiti – Puerto Rico – Panama – Colombia – Venezuela – Brazil

Latin America Mexico Cuba Haiti Puerto Rico Panama Colombia Venezuela Brazil

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Reasons for Revolutions in Latin America American Revolution French Revolution Napoleon’s conquests in Europe

Latin American Society Prosperity from increased exports led to growth in the Latin American middle class Wealth, social prestige, and political power in Latin America was based on land holdings Latin American economy was dominated by Great Britain

Mestizos The largest group in Mexico Worked as servants and laborers

Miguel Hidalgo Hero of Mexican independence after 1810 Studied the French Revolution Inspired the mestizos to revolt againt the Spanish

Agustin de Iturbide Chosen by Mexican elites to lead a revolt against Spanish rule

Simon Bolivar Completed the liberation of Peru Led South American independence movements against Spain

Jose de San Martin Completed the liberation of Peru Led South American independence movements against Spain

Monroe Doctrine U.S. policy guaranteed the independence of new Latin American nations and warned against European intervention in Latin America

Benito Juarez Son of Native American peasants Brought liberal reforms to Mexico – Land distribution to the poor

Mexican Reform Movement Separation of church and state Land distribution to the poor An education system

Fransico Madero Seized control of Mexico from Porfirio Diaz Opened the door for a wider revolution led by Emiliano Zapata