Group 7 OPERCULUM MOVEMENT Members : MODANZA, ESPANTO, SAJOL, CUIZON

I.OBJECTIVE/PROBLEMS : Objective: This experiment aims to assess whether or not the operculum movement of fishes is affected by the quality of aquatic environment the fish is present in. Main Problem What is the effect of the type of water and increased phosphorus content in the habitat on the operculum movement of fishes?

SPECIFIC PROBLEMS: How does the fish react to the detergent that is put in its habitat? How is the rate of the fish’s operculum movement affected by the change in its habitat? What are the signs that the fish had exhibited regarding its new surroundings? How did the condition of the fish without detergent differ from that of the fish with detergent?

II. MATERIALS: Graduated Cylinder Foldable Magnifier 2 identical bowls Detergent Water Timer 2 identical fishes Variables: Dependent Variable : Fish’s response Independent variable: Amount of detergent Controlled variable: amount of water, depth of container,, time element

III. PROCEDURES: 1. The materials were gathered. 2. Two identical bowls were labeled A and B and filled with 800 ml of water each. 3. Each of the two fishes was placed in either of the two bowls and were labeled setup A and B respectively. 4. Each of the bowls was placed under the foldable magnifier and operculum movement was then determined in each of the two setups (A and B) in the time span of one minute.

5. 10 ml of detergent was then measured in the graduated cylinder and poured into setup B. 6. Setup B was then observed for one minute. 7. After a minute, the fish in setup B was transferred to container with clean water. 8. Operculum movement was again observed in the container for one minute.

IV.RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS: Results

SETUP A Lively Vertical Swimming Clear Eyes Normal operculum movement (76 c/min) SETUP B Occasional convulsions Horizontal swimming Cloudy eyes “Death Roll” Slowed operculum movement (46 c/min)

Discussion R ed Oranda ( Carassius auratus)

PARTS OF A FISH Nostrils Mouth Operculum

NOSTRIL Find the nostril of the fish. BACK

MOUTH BACK

OPERCULUM BACK

OPERCULUM GILLS BACK

WATER Oxygen depletion No aquatic plants Tap water is used Metals like chlorine and chloramine Increased phosphorus content Operculum movement is slowed Pre-death symptoms Occasional convulsions Horizontal swimming Cloudy eyes “Death Roll” (46 c/min) Death

V. Conclusion Based on the data presented above, we can therefore conclude that: The operculum movement of fishes is affected by the quality of aquatic environment the fish is present in, since the fish was not able to survive in the new type of environment (with the presence of detergent and the new kind of water in the container).