Unit 1--Cornell A “What are America’s most important founding ideals and where did they come from?”

“Unit 1—Cornell A Interactive Notes” Survey on American Ideals: 1. All Americans are equal. a. strongly disagree b. mildly disagree c. mildly agree d. strongly agree 2. Some Americans have more rights than others. a. Strongly disagree b. mildly disagree c. mildly agree d. strongly agree

Survey on American Ideals: “Interactive Notebooks” 3. Americans have all the freedoms they deserve. they deserve. a. strongly disagree b. mildly disagree c. mildly agree d. strongly agree 4. All Americans have opportunities to succeed in life. a. strongly disagree b. mildly disagree c. mildly agree d. strongly agree

Survey on American Ideals: “Interactive Notebooks” 5. Wealthy people have a more powerful voice in American democracy than do others. American democracy than do others. a. Strongly disagree a. Strongly disagree b. Mildly disagree b. Mildly disagree c. Mildly agree c. Mildly agree d. Strongly agree d. Strongly agree

American Ideals EqualityRightsLibertyOpportunityDemocracy

Interactive Notes American Ideals Read the second paragraph of the “Declaration of Independence”—Thomas Jefferson. Read the second paragraph of the “Declaration of Independence”—Thomas Jefferson. Find the sentence (s) that each of the 5 founding ideals are located and underline word or phrase that is directly linked to an ideal. May use the some sentences more than once. Find the sentence (s) that each of the 5 founding ideals are located and underline word or phrase that is directly linked to an ideal. May use the some sentences more than once.

Key Content Terms Write the following terms & definitions in your Notebook Equality = The condition of being equal Equality = The condition of being equal Rights = Basic conditions guaranteed to each person Rights = Basic conditions guaranteed to each person Liberty = The freedom to think or act without being limited by unnecessary force Liberty = The freedom to think or act without being limited by unnecessary force Opportunity = The promise that people should have the chance to attain their hopes and dreams Opportunity = The promise that people should have the chance to attain their hopes and dreams Democracy = A form of government that places power in the hands of the people Democracy = A form of government that places power in the hands of the people Question: “What’s the difference between ideals and ideas ?” Question: “What’s the difference between ideals and ideas ?”

II. Whose Ideals? Founding Ideals EnlightenmentGreat Awakening Native Americans

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? The Enlightenment – Illuminate – shed light From: Europe – When: 1700’s (18 th century) – Definition: INTELLECTUAL movement based on SCIENCE & RATIONAL thought (reason) arise and dominate European thought over old RELIGIOUS doctrines.

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Explanation: Inspired by the work of people like Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton – They were early “scientists” who wish to “discover” WHY the universe & NATURAL world operates the ways it does Why do objects fall when dropped? How do the planets move around the sun?

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Consequences: 1) They claim that NATURAL Laws provide the answers, and that we can “FIND” these laws if we closely OBSERVE and use our REASONING. How does it affect political thinking? How does it affect political thinking?

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? 2) Some NATURAL Laws might apply to human SOCIETY & GOVERNMENT so –“political philosophers” begin thinking about new ideas, like “DEMOCRACY”

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? 3) American colonists were profoundly influenced by EUROPEANS…… (Voltaire, Hobbes, Locke, etc.)— ”Interactive notes” ….who say that government (and kings) must bow to the “natural RIGHTS” of individuals. This leads to the idea that government is “LIMITED” and that it cannot do whatever it wants, it is limited by SOCIETY. Th leads to the idea that government is “LIMITED” and that it cannot do whatever it wants, it is limited by SOCIETY.

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Great Awakening From: COLONIAL AMERICA – When: EARLY 1700’s – Definition: RELIGIOUS movement based on feelings – despair followed by “CONVERSION” and feeling of being “SAVED”, led by ministers like Jonathon EDWARDS

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Consequences: 1) Religious “REVIVALS” brought new followers into organized churches 2) Older churches were challenged and new DENOMINATIONS were created (Baptists, Methodists, etc.)

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Jonathan EDWARDS – a leader in the Great Awakening -- said that people must do more than attend church – they must “FEEL” God’s love—”Sinners in the hands of an angry god” MINISTERS cannot do this for them – this DIRECT relation with God opened up greater INDIVIDUALITY /freedom for people.

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Native Americans -- From: American FRONTIER -- When: ’s -- Definition: Exchange of IDEAS between “Indians” and colonists helped make Americans more self- RELIANT Lured many colonists to the freedom and beauty of living closer to a “state of nature”

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Explanation: On the FRONTIER where Americans & Indians INTERACTED—KNOWLEDGE, TECHNOLOGY and lifestyles were exchanged on both sides. Examples --- Indians got METAL TOOLS, GUNS, CLOTHING, ect. while Americans got CORN, HERBAL MEDICINCES, MILITARY TACTICS, etc. Most Indians also had their own GOVERNMENT, with many DEMOCRATIC ideas Colonists like Ben FRANKLIN observed and learned from them.

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? Consequences: 1) Colonists see “savages” living well in an alien environment and they COPY new lifestyles based on PRACTICALITY and self-RELIANCE

III. What are these ideas & who came up with them? 2) Indians ideas about government = leaders serve the PEOPLE; democratic DECISION-making; IMPEACHMENT; individual rights & responsibilities (including WOMEN)

How were American colonists changed by these Movements and their experience with Native Americans ? Summary: Colonists learn to question traditional AUTHORITY (Political and Church leaders) stress importance of the INDIVIDUAL (independent and free thinking) Enlightenment: human REASON – Great Awakening: individual RELATIONSHIP with God and less importance of old Church rules)  atmosphere for the AMERICAN Revolution