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Version18a_1110 Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent 3 The UCSC Genome Browser Introduction Materials prepared by Mary Mangan, Ph.D. Updated: Q4 2010
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent4 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent5 Organization of Genomic Data Genome backbone: base position number sequence Annotation Tracks chromosome band known genes predicted genes evolutionary conservation SNPs sts sites gap locations repeated regions microarray/expression data more… enhancer/promoter data Links out to more data
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent6 A Sample of the UCSC Genome Browser gene details Annotation Tracks reference sequence comparisons SNPs
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent7 UCSC Genome Browser Credits Led by David Haussler and Jim Kent Dozens of staff and students bring you this software and data Development team: Funding, data sources, external contributors
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent8 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent9 The UCSC Homepage: navigate General information Specific information— new features, current status, etc.
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent10 Genome Browser Gateway: start page, basic search text/ID searches Helpful search examples samples provided Use this Gateway to search by: Gene names, symbols, IDs Chromosome number: chr7, or region: chr11: Keywords: kinase, receptor See lower part of page for help with format
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent11 The Genome Browser Gateway Make your Gateway choices: 1. Select Clade + genome = species: search 1 species at a time 2. Assembly: the official backbone DNA sequence 3. Position: location in the genome to examine, or gene 4. Image width: how many pixels in display window; 5000 max 5. Track search to find data types of interest 6. Configure: make fonts bigger + other choices 4 1 assembly
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent12 The Genome Browser Gateway sample search for Human TP53 Sample search: human, March 2006 assembly, tp53 select Select from results list ID search may go right to a viewer page, if unique uc002gij.2
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent13 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent14 Overview of the Whole Genome Browser Page (mature release) } Genome viewer section mRNA and EST Tracks Expression (such as microarray) Comparative Genomics As a group Individual species Variation and Repeats (including SNPs, copy number variation) Groups of data (Tracks) Mapping and Sequencing Tracks Genes and Gene Prediction Tracks (including sno/miRNA data) ENCODE Tracks Phenotype and Disease Tracks Regulation (including TFBS) Default settings; tracks can now be dragged in viewer
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent15 Different Species, Different Tracks, Same Software Species may have different data tracks Layout, software, functions the same
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent16 Sample Genome Viewer Image, TP53 Region base position UCSC genes RefSeq genes mRNAs & ESTs repeats 44 species compared SNPs single species compared ENCODE scale
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent17 Visual Cues on the Genome Browser Track colors may have meaning—for example, UCSC Gene track: If there is a corresponding PDB entry = black If there is a corresponding reviewed/validated seq = dark blue If there is a non-RefSeq seq = lightest blue Tick marks; a single location (STS, SNP) height of a blue bar is increased likelihood of conservation, red indicates a likelihood of fast evolving regions Intron and direction of transcription >> < exon < < << < ex 5' UTR3' UTR Alignment indications (Conservation pairs: “chain” or “net” style) Alignments = boxes, Gaps = lines Mammal cons.
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent18 Options for Changing Images: Upper Section Change your view or location with controls at the top Use “base” to get right down to the nucleotides Drag tracks up and down the viewer to re-arrange Various select and focus options by clicking/dragging mouse Click to zoom 3x + center zoomwalk Hold/drag mouse to view section Hold/drag mouse to view section Tweak position or do new search
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent19 Annotation Track Display Options Some data is ON or OFF by default Menu links to info about the tracks: content, methods You change the view with pulldown menus After making changes, REFRESH to enforce the change enforce changes Enforce changes Change track view Links to info and/or filters
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent20 Basic Annotation Track Menus Defined Hide: removes a track from view Dense: all items collapsed into a single line Squish: each item = separate line, but 50% height + packed Pack: each item separate, but efficiently stacked (full height) Full: each item on separate line
Tracks with Additional Options: Filters, more…. Some tracks have filters (ESTs shown; SNPs other good example) Some tracks may have undisplayed data (Yale TFBS) Super-tracks may have multiple components, various settings Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent21 Super- track off on
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent22 Mid-page Options to Change Settings Search for data types You control the views with numerous features Configure options page Resets, back to defaults Start from scratch Enforce any changes (hide, full, squish…) Flip display to Genomic 3’ 5’ Search for data types
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent23 Cookies and Sessions Your browser remembers where you were (cookies) To clear your “cart” or parameters, click default tracks or reset OR Save your setup as “Session” and store/share them
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent24 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent25 Click Any Viewer Object for Details Example: click your mouse anywhere on the TP53 line Click the item New description web page opens Many details and links to more data about TP53
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent26 Click Annotation Track Item for Details Pages Not all genes have this much detail. Different annotation tracks carry different data. informative description other resource links microarray data mRNA secondary structure links to sequences protein domains/structure orthologs in other species Gene Ontology™ descriptions mRNA descriptions pathways genetic association studies comparative toxicology gene model
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent27 Get DNA, with Extended Case/Color Options Use the DNA link at the top Plain or Extended options Change colors, fonts, etc.
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent28 Get Sequence from Details Pages Click a track, go to Sequence section of details page Click the item sequence section on detail page
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent29 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent30 Accessing the BLAT Tool Rapid searches by INDEXING the entire genome Works best with high similarity matches See documentation and publication for details Kent, WJ. Genome Res :656 BLAT = BLAST-like Alignment Tool
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent31 BLAT Tool Overview: Make choices DNA limit bases Protein limit aa 25 total sequences Paste one or more sequences Or upload submit
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent32 BLAT Results with Hyperlinks Results with demo sequences, settings default; sort = Query, Score Score is a count of matches—higher number, better match Click browser to go to Genome Browser image location (next slide) Click details to see the alignment to genomic sequence (2 nd slide) sorting go to browser/viewergo to alignment detail
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent33 BLAT Results: Browser From browser click in BLAT results A new line with Your Sequence from BLAT Search appears! Base position = “full” menu and zoomed in enough to see amino acids in 3 frame translation query
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent34 BLAT Results, Alignment Details Your query Genomic match, color cues Side by Side Alignment yours genomic
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent35 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent36 Introduction Summary UCSC Genome Browser Visual cues and genomic context Many ways to alter your views Access to deeper data Access and use sequence data
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent37 UCSC Genome Browser Agenda UCSC Genome Browser: Introduction and Credits Basic Searches Understanding Displays Get Details or Sequences Sequence Searches (BLAT) Summary Exercises
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent38 Hands-on Session for Introduction Exercises provided as document We will walk through them together 2 styles: questions only, and step-by-step When we are finished the formal exercises, we can help you to investigate issues that you want to understand for your research
Copyright OpenHelix. No use or reproduction without express written consent39 Notice: The materials and slides offered are for non-commercial use only. Reproduction, distribution and/or use for commercial purposes is strictly prohibited. Copyright 2010, OpenHelix, LLC