Romanesque 2: Stabilitas and Monasticism

St. Anthony Abbot Askesis and Anchoritic Monasticism

St. Simeon Stylite ( ) the stylites II. Monasticism and Architecture History: from anchoritic to coenobitic orders

St. Anthony Abbot Coenobitic Monastic Communities Monastery of St. Anthony Abbot built upon his burial place in the Eastern Desert of Egypt in 356/7 C.E. The coenobium established by the Egyptian St. Pachomius ( ) first at Tabennisi (c. 320). II. Monasticism and Architecture History: from anchoritic to coenobitic orders

Ruins of St. Simeon Stylite monastery built in 470 Coenobitic Monastic Communities II. Monasticism and Architecture History: coenobitic orders

St. Catherine’s Monastery, Mt. Sinai, built Design Models for Coenobitic Monastic Communities a Roman castrum – military camp II. Monasticism and Architecture History: coenobitic orders

Design Models for Coenobitic Monastic Communities a Roman villa rustica (Boscoreale, Italy, c. 150 B.C.E.) St. Catherine’s Monastery, Mt. Sinai, built II. Monasticism and Architecture History: coenobitic orders

Skellig Michael (Michael’s Rock), Ireland, founded 588 Coenobites in Northern Europe II. Monasticism and Architecture History: coenobitic orders

Skellig Michael, Ireland, founded 588 Coenobites in Northern Europe II. Monasticism and Architecture History: coenobitic orders

St. Benedict of Nursia, Monte Cassino, ItalySubiaco, Italy II. Monasticism and Architecture Early medieval coenobites on the Continent

Carolingian Plan of St. Gall, ca. 830 CentulaFulda St.-Denis St. Gall II. Monasticism and Architecture monasticism under the Carolingians

III. Design of Romanesque monastic churches on and off the pilgrimage route Pilgrimage routes through France and Spain The 5 exemplars of the “pilgrimage church” type Off the pilgrimage road: San Vincente, Cardona, Sp.

III. Design on and off the pilgrimage route The 5 exemplars of the “pilgrimage church” type Off the pilgrimage road: San Vincente, Cardona, Sp.

First Romanesque Catalan monasteries founded by feudal counts as penance and future retirement residences III. Design on and off the pilgrimage route: Spain San Vicente de Cardona, Spain (Catalonia), ca San Pedro de Roda, Spain (Catalonia), ca. 1035St.-Martin de Canigou, SW France, Sant Pere de Casserres, Spain (Catalonia),

Benedictine abbey of San Vicente de Cardona (Catalonia), consecrated 1040 The First Romanesque defined by Catalonian architect Josep Puig y Cadafalch ( ) III. Design on and off the pilgrimage route: Spain

San Vicente de Cardona (Catalonia), consecrated 1040 The First RomanesqueIII. Design on and off the pilgrimage route: Spain