Citizenship & Civic Duty

Quick Write: What is a good citizen? What is your definition of a good citizen? What qualities must someone have to be a good citizen? What is your definition of a good citizen? What qualities must someone have to be a good citizen?

Rights of Citizens U.S. citizens enjoy certain rights that are granted to all legal citizens U.S. citizens enjoy certain rights that are granted to all legal citizens These rights are derived from John Locke's 3 Natural Rights These rights are derived from John Locke's 3 Natural Rights Can you still remember those Natural Rights? Can you still remember those Natural Rights? The Rights of Citizens are separated into 3 major categories: The Rights of Citizens are separated into 3 major categories: - Personal Rights- Political Rights- Economic Rights

The Civil Rights Movement Occurred in 1950's & 1960's Occurred in 1950's & 1960's African Americans began to organize and fight for their rights as citizens, called civil rights African Americans began to organize and fight for their rights as citizens, called civil rights Wanted to end racist laws in South, such as: Wanted to end racist laws in South, such as: Segregation: separating people based on race, “Separate but equal” precedent Segregation: separating people based on race, “Separate but equal” precedent - Jim Crow Laws - Poll Tax Laws

Civil Rights Act (1964) Guaranteed African Americans equal protection under law as promised in the 14 th Amendment Guaranteed African Americans equal protection under law as promised in the 14 th Amendment Banned discrimination in employment and voting based on race, sex, gender, religion, or national origin Banned discrimination in employment and voting based on race, sex, gender, religion, or national origin

Other Notable Acts Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – ended segregation in schools based on race Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – ended segregation in schools based on race Voting Rights Act (1965) – ended Poll taxes and granted blacks and poor whites the right to vote Voting Rights Act (1965) – ended Poll taxes and granted blacks and poor whites the right to vote “Little Rock 9” - group of black students who went to a former all-white high school in Arkansas “Little Rock 9” - group of black students who went to a former all-white high school in Arkansas

Limits on Citizen's Rights People's rights are NOT unlimited People's rights are NOT unlimited Govt. can limit people's rights to insure that the health, safety, and rights of the community are protected Govt. can limit people's rights to insure that the health, safety, and rights of the community are protected Examples of Limited Rights: Examples of Limited Rights: - Permit for assembly/rally- Burn Permit for leaves - Local Noise Ordinances- Zoning Laws - Marriage Laws - Gun Control Laws

Duties & Responsibilities of Citizens Citizens in the U.S. have certain duties and responsibilities that they are expected to perform Citizens in the U.S. have certain duties and responsibilities that they are expected to perform Duties are things that citizens are required to do; if you fail to perform these duties you may be subject to fines or imprisonment Duties are things that citizens are required to do; if you fail to perform these duties you may be subject to fines or imprisonment Responsibilities are things citizens should do, but are not required Responsibilities are things citizens should do, but are not required

Civic Duties Activity Please turn to pages in your Civics book. Read the major duties and major responsibilities of American citizens. Please turn to pages in your Civics book. Read the major duties and major responsibilities of American citizens. Next, list the major duties and write a Sum-It-Up sentence that describes what that duty is and why it is important. Next, list the major duties and write a Sum-It-Up sentence that describes what that duty is and why it is important.

Formation of Political Parties Political parties first began to develop in the presidential election of 1796Political parties first began to develop in the presidential election of 1796 John Adams (Federalist) v. Thomas Jefferson (Republican)John Adams (Federalist) v. Thomas Jefferson (Republican) Adams won, and created several Federalist policiesAdams won, and created several Federalist policies

Alien & Sedition Acts (1798) - Alien Act: allowed govt. to forcefully remove foreigners (non-citizens) if the President viewed them as dangerous - Sedition Act: made it illegal for editors, writers, or speakers to attack (criticize) the govt.

Other Political Issues 1.) Power of National Govt. - Delegated Power- Presidential Power - Delegated Power- Presidential Power 2.) Economic Power - US Federal Bank- Commerce Clause - US Federal Bank- Commerce Clause 3.) Foreign Policy Issues - French Revolution- Napoleonic Wars - French Revolution- Napoleonic Wars

Development of the 2 Party System After the election of 1800, Americans start to split into multiple political parties (Federalists, Republicans, Democratic-Republicans, Whigs)After the election of 1800, Americans start to split into multiple political parties (Federalists, Republicans, Democratic-Republicans, Whigs) Eventually power is controlled by 2 partiesEventually power is controlled by 2 parties Democrats (mostly in South)Democrats (mostly in South) Republicans (mostly in North)Republicans (mostly in North) Divide between two parties leads to sectionalism, and eventually war (American Civil War, )Divide between two parties leads to sectionalism, and eventually war (American Civil War, )

The Two Party System A two party system means that there are two major political parties that contend for powerA two party system means that there are two major political parties that contend for power This is what we have in the U.S.This is what we have in the U.S. The two major political parties are called:The two major political parties are called: - Democrats (Liberals) - Republicans (Conservatives)

Democrats Often called liberals, believe the interpretation of the Constitution changes over timeOften called liberals, believe the interpretation of the Constitution changes over time Want large govt. involvementWant large govt. involvement Believe in:Believe in: - Social Welfare - Social Welfare - Public Schools - Public Schools - Strict Environmental Laws - Strict Environmental Laws - Higher Taxes to offer more services - Higher Taxes to offer more services

Republicans Often called conservatives, they believe we should follow the Constitution and change it as little as possibleOften called conservatives, they believe we should follow the Constitution and change it as little as possible Want small govt. involvement, people should have as much freedom as possibleWant small govt. involvement, people should have as much freedom as possible Believe in:Believe in: - Self Reliance (limited or no welfare) - Self Reliance (limited or no welfare) - Right to choose schools - Right to choose schools - Little govt. involvement in business & environment - Little govt. involvement in business & environment - Lower taxes to create more job opportunities - Lower taxes to create more job opportunities

Third Parties In the U.S., there are many third parties, often called independentsIn the U.S., there are many third parties, often called independents These include:These include: - Green Party - Libertarian Party - Progressive Democrats - Reform Party - Constitution (U.S. Taxpayer) Party

Bernie Sanders - Vermont Senator - Vermont Senator - Progressive Party - Progressive Party Joe Lieberman - Connecticut Senator - Connecticut Senator - Independent Democrat - Independent Democrat Independents in Washington