Nail Structure and Growth

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Nail Structure and Growth
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Presentation transcript:

Nail Structure and Growth Spring Exam Review Nail Structure and Growth

Natural Nail AKA onyx Made of keratin protein Appendage (part of) the skin Part of integumentary system Has no sweat (sudoriferous) glands

Natural Nail Unit Composed of the following parts: nail plate, nail bed, matrix, nail cuticle, eponychium, hyponychium, specialized ligaments, nail folds

Nail Plate Hardened plate that sits on and covers nail bed Make of dead keratin cells Is porous Has about 100 layers Free edge hangs over tip of finger and toe

Nail Bed Living skin under the nail plate Has many nerves Attached to nail plate by bed epithelium Bed epithelium- thin tissue that helps guide nail plate as it grows

Matrix Area where nail cells are formed As long as it is healthy, nail will grow Longer matrix makes a thicker nail Visible part of matrix is the lunula

Nail Cuticle DEAD tissue attached to nail plate Very sticky and hard to remove Keeps germs from getting under nail plate

Eponychium LIVING skin at base of nail plate Covers matrix We cannot cut it Protects against bacteria

Hyponychium Skin between fingertip and free edge Protectcts against bacteria

Specialized Ligaments Tough band of fibrous tissue that connects nail bed and matrix to finger bone

Nail Folds Folds of skin around nail plate Form nail grooves on sidewall Sidewall AKA lateral nail fold

Nail Growth Average 1/10” per month Children’s faster- elderly slower Faster in summer and pregnancy Middle finger grows fastest Thumb grows slowest Fingernails grow faster than toenails To replace fingernail= 4-6 months To replace toenail= 9-12 months

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