Chemical & Physical Properties of Matter

Chemical Properties Characteristics that are observed ONLY when a substance changes into a different substance

Chemical Properties Types of Chemical Properties: Combustible/flammable: able to burn Examples & Facts: all chemicals come with a label that identifies their level of flammability

Chemical Properties Types of Chemical Properties: Combustible/flammable: able to burn Combustion of Mg − 1:30 Combustion of Mg Examples & Facts: oxygen & hydrogen are very flammable gases carbon dioxide is not a very flammable gas

Hay Bale combusting Spontaneous Combustion Stop at 35 seconds

Chemical Properties Types of Chemical Properties: Reactivity: how easily a substance reacts with another substance Alkali Metals − 1:10 min Alkali metals reaction to water Examples & Facts: many chemicals react with water or oxygen all chemicals come with a label that identifies their level of reactivity

Chemical Properties Types of Chemical Properties: Reactivity: how easily a substance reacts with another substance Examples & Facts: corrosion: slow reaction & wearing away of metals (rusting, tarnishing)

Examples of Chemical Changes

Physical Properties Characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into something else

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: color texture odor taste hardness magnetic boiling, melting, & freezing points

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Luster: shininess or dullness Examples & Facts: most metals are shiny diamonds have a lot of luster many minerals are dull

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Brittleness: how easily a substance breaks into pieces Examples & Facts: very brittle substances may crumble or break with very little force

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Brittleness: how easily a substance breaks into pieces Examples & Facts: many rocks & minerals are brittle chalk is brittle because it crumbles easily

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Malleable: can be pounded into shapes Examples & Facts: aluminum is very malleable clay is also malleable substances that are malleable are usually not very brittle

Properties Song Properties Song!

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Ductile: can be pulled out into a long wire Examples & Facts: substances may be both malleable & ductile copper is very malleable & ductile substances that are ductile are usually not very brittle

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Conductive: can transmit heat and/or electricity Examples & Facts: a substance may conduct heat, electricity, neither, or both most metals are good conductors

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Conductive: can transmit heat and/or electricity Examples & Facts: pots & pans are made out of metals that are good heat conductors

Physical Properties Types of Physical Properties: Soluble: can be dissolved in a liquid Examples & Facts: substances that are “water- soluble” will dissolve in water salt & sugar are soluble in water substances that don’t dissolve are “insoluble”

Overview of Physical & Chemical properties Properties overview Physical and Chemical Properties visual 2:30 min Chemical Properties Chemistry - The Physical Properties and Chemical Properties of Matter − 6 min