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CHARACTERISTICS EUKARYOTIC MOST MULTICELLULAR HETEROTROPHIC : Decomposers!! –SAPROBES OR PARASITIC BODY IS MADE OF HYPHAE HAVE CELL WALLS MADE OF CHITIN

EARLIEST FUNGI FOSSILS ARE ABOUT 500 MILLION YEARS OLD A FUNGUS IN WASHINGTON STATE COVERS AN AREA OF 1500 ACRES FUNGI REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY AND SEXUALLY, AND ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THEIR METHOD OF REPRODUCTION

PROS EDIBLE DECOMPOSERS BREADS PENICILLUM CYCLOSPORINE PREFERRED OVER BACTERIA FOR GENETIC ENGINEERING CONS ATHLETES FOOT JOCK ITCH YEAST INFECTIONS MOLDY BREAD MILDEW RINGWORM SOME ARE TOXIC HISTOPLASMOSIS (95% in H.I.V. cases) SICK BUILDING SYNDROME

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“CLUB FUNGI” 25,000 SPECIES MOSTLY TERRESTRIAL INCLUDES THE MUSHROOMS, TOADSTOOLS, PUFFBALLS, SHELF FUNGI, RUSTS AND SMUTS Wisconsin Online Link

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS CALLED FRAGMENTATION. THIS FORM OF REPRODUCTION IS RARE IN THIS GROUP, EXCEPT IN SOME RUSTS AND SMUTS. of Basidomycota

THE REPRODUCTIVE BODY IS CALLED A BASIDIOCARP. THE UNDERSIDE OF THE MUSHROOM CAP IS LINED WITH GILLS. CLUB SHAPED REPRODUCTIVE CELLS CALLED BASIDIA FORM ON THE GILLS. THE BASIDIA PRODUCES BASIDIOSPORES & RELEASE THEM WHEN CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE.

600 SPECIES COMMONLY FOUND IN SOIL & DUNG INCLUDES THE BLACK BREAD MOLDS ZYGOMYCETES ARE COENOCYTIC (HYPHAE LACK SEPTA)

of Zygomycota ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: SPORANGIA FORM AT THE TIPS OF SPORANGIO- PHORES. THE SPORANGIA PRODUCE SPORES THAT ARE DISPERSED BY WIND.

of Zygomycota SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS CALLED CONJUGATION. 2 MATING STRAINS JOIN AND FORM A ZYGOSPORE. MEIOSIS OCCURS WHEN SPRORE GERMINATES.

Bread mold Animation

“SAC FUNGI” 30,000 SPECIES FOUND IN SOIL, DUNG, ROTTING LOGS, SALT AND FRESH WATER. INCLUDES: YEASTS, MORELS, MILDEWS, & MOLDS. Animation Truffles

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: CONIDIA (SPORES) ARE FORMED ON THE ENDS OF CONIDIOPHORES. YEASTS: BUDDING of Ascomycota

THE REPRODUCTIVE BODY IS CALLED AN ASCOCARP. SACS CALLED ASCI FORM ON THE SURFACE OF THE ASCOCARP. EACH ASCUS CONTAINS 8 HAPLOID ASCOSPORES. of Ascomycota

“FUNGI IMPERFECTI” 10,000 SPECIES TERRESTRIAL INCLUDES ASPERGILLUS, PENICILLUM, ATHLETE’S FOOT, & RINGWORM

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION: CONIDIA (SPORES) ARE FORMED ON THE ENDS OF CONIDIOPHORES. of Dueteromycota

FUNGI IN WHICH SEXUAL REPRODUCTION HAS NOT BEEN OBSERVED of Dueteromycota

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