POSSESSIVE NOUN

Possessive Case Притяжательный падеж в основном передает различные отношения принадлежности: John’s coat, Mary’s cat Кроме того притяжательный падеж передает:  отношение части и целого: horse’s leg, cat’s tail,  отношение производителя действия к действию: Chekhov's observations,  авторство: Shakespeare's sonnets Притяжательный падеж употребляется в основном с существительными, обозначающими живые существа – человека и животных: The dog’s eyes, Tom’s books

Possessive Case ‘s –s‘  Add ‘s to any personal noun unless it is in the form of a plural ending in –s, in which case just add an apostrophe (‘):  a boy’s pen, Kate’s book;  an actress’s career, a waitress’s job;  children’s game, the men’s club, sheep’s wool;  Charles’s address, Doris’s party, St. James’s Park;  the girls’ uniforms; the boys’ cat ‘s  Add ‘s to the last element of the word group: My friend Peter’s watch; my farther-in-law’s house, Professor Higgins’s case, Peter and Mike’s sister.

Possessive Case Иногда существительное в притяжательном падеже может употребляться без определяемого слова, самостоятельно:  определяемое слово опускается, чтобы избежать повтора: My room is bigger than Pete’s (room).  для названия учреждений, магазинов или домов, где живут родственники, друзья, знакомые, например: the baker’s (shop) → булочная the chemist’s (shop) → аптека the grocer’s, (shop) → бакалея at my uncle’s (house) → у дядюшки at Timothy’s (house) → у Тимоти

Possessive Case with Non-Living Things We use ‘s and s’ with some non-living things:  time phrases: an hour’s journey, two days’ work, two months’ salary, today’s newspaper, yesterday’s conversation. world, country, city, ship, earth, nature: It’s also used with nouns expressing space and weight, with the names of countries, cities and ships and with the nouns world, country, city, ship, earth, nature:  the river’s edge (край)  our country's best opera house  world’s best museums  a kilometer’s distance  Moscow’s theatres  the ship’s crew

Possessive Case with Non-Living Things We can use ‘s when the first noun is an organisation:  the government’s decision  the company’s success The possessive case is used in some set expressions:  for Heaven’s sake/for God’s sake/for Christ’s sake/for order’s sake/for old acquaintance's sake  at/within a stone’s throw (рукой подать)  at one’s wit’s end (в отчаянии)  a/within hair’s breadth (на волосок от …)

A Noun as an Attribute  Possessive noun is an attribute to the next noun: the manager’s signature  However the noun in common case can be an attribute to other noun. In this case it should be translated either as an adjective or as a noun in oblique case: iron  an iron bridge железный мост cane  a cane sugar тростниковый сахар  sugar  sugar cane сахарный тростник cotton  the cotton marker рынок хлопка  tin  tin trade торговля оловом payment  a payment agreement соглашение о платежах

Possessive Case or Compound Noun or Noun Phrase with “of” of of  When we want to show the possession with things, we can use ‘ of ’: the leg of the table. However, we often prefer to use a compound noun instead of ‘ of ’: the table leg. of’ ‘of’  We must use ‘of’ when we can’t form a compound noun: the top of the box, (Not the box’s top) You can learn this from experience. If you are in doubt, use ‘of’