The MYSTERY of the altered GENE Professor

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Presentation transcript:

The MYSTERY of the altered GENE www.cilr.uq.edu.au Professor Peter M Gresshoff p.gresshoff@uq.edu.au www.cilr.uq.edu.au

www.cilr.uq.edu.au NODULE FORMATION NITROGEN FIXATION and Professor Peter M Gresshoff p.gresshoff@uq.edu.au www.cilr.uq.edu.au

LEGUMES form NODULES Nodules 1 mm Sucrose Nitrogen Gas Ammonium Amino acids/protein/DNA/RNA

ENERGY: N2 + 16 ATP + 8 e- + 8 H+ 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + H2 Solar (photosynthesis) or fossil (Haber-Bosch process)????

deformation and curling Nodulation and nitrogen fixation are key processes for food, feed, and fuel Nodule induction Colonisation Endosymbiosis Root hair deformation and curling Nitrogen Fixation Protein-rich Seeds Cell Division

Nod factors Nod genes RECEPTION NFR1/5 Rhizobium FLAVONES Legume Root

Root hairs Rhizobia

Curling root hair )

Infection pocket Cell walls Infection thread

Cell nuclei Inner cortex cells dividing Vascular bundle

Infection thread Rhizobia in cortex

Nodule primordium Epidermis Xylem Cortex Phloem

Bacteroids Vasculature

Nodule cortex Nucleus Rhizobium cells (25,000)

N2 + 16 ATP + 8 e- + 8 H+ 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + H2 The NODULATION process allows the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen gas to ammonia - which is a fertiliser for all plants malate amino acids Bacteroid within a legume nodule cells, engulfed by a plant membrane controlling nutrient and ammonia transport N2 + 16 ATP + 8 e- + 8 H+ 2 NH3 + 16 ADP + H2 ammonia

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Thanks to Uli, Brett, Akira, Igor and others for photos