During digestion complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

Animals take in complex molecules from the environment for energy production

CB Physical digestion: liquefying of food Chemical digestion: breaking large molecules into small molecules

CB Amylase in mouth Chewing and adding saliva begins the process of liquification Amylase begins the chemical digestion of carbs

CB The primary function of the stomach is food storage

CB Pepsin in stomach Pepsin begins the chemical digestion of proteins. In the stomach liquification continues.

Pepsin in stomach pH enzyme activity basicacid

CB The Digestive System

CB Most chemical digestion occurs in the first part of the small intestine

CB The small intestine has a large surface area to aid in absorbption of nutrients

CB Absorption in the Small Intestine

CB The Digestive System

CB 41.21

CB Different mouth and teeth structures can tell about an animal’s diet

CB Different mouth and teeth structures can tell about an animal’s diet

Grizzly bear teeth

CB Carnivores have a short digestive system Herbivores have a long digestive system

CB HumansBears Both humans and grizzly bears are omnivores. Our digestive systems can tell us about our ancestors.

CB What happens to the nutrients after absorbtion?

CB 42.5 Nutrients, Waste, O 2, CO 2, Water, Minerals, etc must be transported throughout the body

CB 42.5 Capillaries provide the large surface area required for these exchanges to take place.

In liver, nutrient levels in blood are regulated

Fats and lipids move through the lymphatic system, which returns fluid to blood directly before heart Lymph vessel small intestine CB 41.24

CB 42.4 Different circulatory systems reflect evolution

CB 42.5 Mammals have two ciculatory circuits: pulmonary and systemic

CB 42.9 Blood flows from arteries to capillaries to veins

CB Blood pressure changes as the blood moves from arteries to capillaries

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