September 7 – 11, 2014 Exploration & Colonization (continued)

Tuesday - September 7, 2015 WOD: Representative government-elected officials represent a group of people Represent- a group of people WARM UP: What kind of information do you think our founding fathers got from Colonial documents?

Roots of Democracy

Democracy is... A system of government in which citizens: Vote for their leaders Have specific rights and responsibilities

Democracy came from many sources:

The ancient Greeks : ▪ “Civic virtue” Habits and characteristics that people posses that are important to the success of the community. Religion & virtue helped the growth of representative government in the colonies because religious groups were self-governed.

The ancient Romans : ▪ Developed the “rule of law” common to all citizens throughout the empire ▪ Developed advanced forms of representative government, before evolving in to a dictatorship.

The Bible: ▪ Hebrew prophets developed the idea of all people being equal, created in the image of God. ▪ The idea caring for the weaker members of society.

The Ancient World VOTING LAWS Greeks voted for their leaders Romans said people have to follow laws The Bible says that all people are created equal in eyes of God and the stronger need to take care of the weaker

The Magna Carta First step toward LIMITED GOVERNMENT British Document Limited the power of the King

SGPT

House of Burgesses st REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY *Founded at Jamestown *First representative body in the English colonies *Representatives began to enact laws and protected the colonists’ individual rights. *Served as a model for other colonies

SGPT

Mayflower Compact Majority Rule Signed by the Puritans and Pilgrims Agree to form a political body to enact laws for the “good of the colony” Established self-government Elect leaders

SGPT

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut LIMITED GOVERNMENT 1 st written Constitution in the colonies Powers not given to colony, given to towns Similar to Federalism

SGPT Describe how the Fundamental Orders contributed to the U.S. Constitution.

English Bill of Rights Individual Rights Made Parliament stronger than the King Protected rights to trial by jury Outlawed cruel and unusual punishment

SGPT

Wednesday - September 9, 2015 WOD: Parliament- the group of people who are responsible for making the laws, includes the House of Commons and the House of Lords WARM UP: Summarize the Cornell notes from Tuesday

▪ Gallery Walk of documents ▪ Complete pg. 13 in BOK using Cornell notes and gallery walk information ▪ Complete the roots of democracy tree on pg.14 in BOK

Thursday Sept. 10 th, 2015 WOD: Quakers- are a group of Christians who believe in simple daily life and in worship. Persecution- hostility and ill-treatment Warm-up: Founding of Virginia: ____________ :: Founding of Pennsylvania: ______________

WARM UP 2 – ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER ▪List the Colonial Governing documents in order of importance (YOUR OPINION) ▪Tell me why you chose #1 as the most important ▪Tell me why you chose #5 as the least important

Important People of Colonial America

Page 15 in your BOK Puritan- The Puritans migrated to the colonies as families and supported a state-endorsed religion, feeling that having one religion was needed for social stability Quakers- are a group of Christians who believe in simple daily life and in worship, accepting of all religions. The First Great Awakening ( ) a revivalist movement where preachers addressed large crowds of people. These preachers spoke to groups who were already religious arguing that people could gain salvation by repenting and could study the Bible for themselves. The movement emphasized the equality of believers and advocated for religious freedom and toleration.

John Smith ▪ Soldier and Adventurer who took control of Jamestown ▪ Said “He that will not work shall not eat.”

Pocahontas ▪Credited with helping John Smith and the European settlers in Virginia ▪Accounts of her contacts with the settlers at Jamestown vary ▪Her life was NOT like the Disney movie!!!

Charles de Montesquieu ▪ Great political philosopher during Enlightenment ▪ Believed in the theory of separation of powers, where each body exercised legislative, executive and judicial powers. ▪ Had a major impact on the framers of the U.S. Constitution

William Blackstone *English Judge & Lawyer *Famous for his views on “Common Law” and its principles. *His work on the Common Law Legal System shaped the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

Thomas Hooker  Founder of the State of Connecticut  Famous preacher who fled England because of religious persecution  Believed all men should have a voice & be allowed to vote  The colony used his principles to adopt the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (the colonies first written constitution).

SGPT

Roger Williams ▪ Founded Rhode Island for religious freedom ▪ Did not believe in the strictness of the Puritan religion ▪ Believed in separation of church and state ▪ Founded the first Baptist church in America

SGPT

Anne Hutchinson ▪ Believed a person could worship God without the help of a church, minister, or Bible ▪ Challenged church authority ▪ Fled to Rhode Island when she was banished from Massachusetts

SGPT

John Locke  English philosopher during the Enlightenment  Argued that people have natural rights: life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.  These rights came from God, not the king. These “unalienable rights” were later included in the Declaration of Independence. P.O.W Due Friday! Hint…hint

William Penn ▪ Quaker who founded Pennsylvania for religious freedom

Lord Baltimore ▪ Founded Maryland for religious freedom – Catholics were being persecuted in England – Maryland’s economy was based on tobacco

James Oglethorpe  Founded Georgia as a refuge for debtors  All religions were welcome

Eliza Lucas Pinckney ▪Credited with developing INDIGO as a cash crop on her family’s South Carolina Plantation ▪It became a popular crop throughout the South

Friday - September 11, 2015 WOD: Civil Virtue- the quality of being morally righteous/admirable Proprietor- owner or founder Warm-up: Put the roots of democracy in order: English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, Magna Carta, House of Burgess, Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Create a business card ▪ Choose one significant person from the BOK page 15 Include: – Their name – Occupation – Residence – A way to be contacted