AITSL STANDARD 3.2 The following lesson plan demonstrates sequenced lesson using pair work to practice new content then class work, requiring students to interact with students they may not usually interact with and hearing different people talking. This enables students to use new words many times without becoming board. They collect data using an authentic scenario then collate information, giving the task a purpose. The ‘Energy from food’ lesson plan also demonstrates a variety of teaching strategies to enable students with different learning styles to learn the content.

from FOOD Food gives us Energy!

What we need to know! What happens when energy is transferred from one form to another. How to convert heat energy from food to kilojoules.

Experiment (Calorimeter) Aim: To measure the energy content (in kilojoules) in food. NOTE: 4.2kJ (kilojoules) is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.

Review exercises. Revisit your predictions. Was your prediction correct. Which of the foods tested contained the greatest amount of chemical energy? Compare your results of the experiment with the energy (kilojoules) on the nutrition panel and if they differ explain why? Do you think all of the energy from the food was transferred to the water? Explain. Explain the change in water temperature and the reduction of food mass. Explain why the Kilojoules per gram in each food sample are different.

Review exercises Mountaineers have to consume atleast 8,000 calories per day to supply their bodies with the energy they need, If you had to carry your food on an expedition, which foods would you carry and why? How does this compare to the number of calories an average person require per day?

What we need to know! What happens when energy input is greater than energy output? What happens when energy input is less than energy output?

Molecule A. Monosaccharide: glucose, fructose Molecule B. Fat: Fatty acid chain: trygliceride Which of the two molecules would contain more energy within their structures. Molecule B, The large number of carbon-hydrogen bonds stores a large amount of energy. Much more than carbohydrate and amino acids in proteins.

Energy balance in our bodies. Energy input – the food we eat. (Doesn’t include undigested foods as they don’t contribute energy) Energy output – activity and our body’s metabolism Energy intake = energy output (heat + work driven by ATP + energy storage) ● POSITIVE ENERGY BALANCE OCCURS WHEN INTAKE EXCEEDS OUTPUT - ENERGY IS STORED ● NEGATIVE ENERGY BALANCE OCCURS WHEN OUTPUT EXCEEDS INTAKE- ENERGY STORES ARE DEPLETED Food as stored fuel: 3500 CALORIES = 1 LB OF BODY MASS

How much body fat? It depends on the individual person. Women naturally have more body fat: 18-32%. Men may have 10-25% body fat. Athletes need less body fat. Pregnant women, people living in colder climates need more body fat. A person should have enough body fat to meet basic needs but not too much to incur health risks.

What happens when energy input is greater than energy output? Energy is stored 1. as glycogen in muscles and the liver. 2. as fat under the skin and around internal organs. -- The person puts on weight. In order to lose weight: - increase energy output (more activity) - decrease energy input (eat less) Overweight: Increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, respiratory disease, etc. Increased mortality. Weight gain >20 lbs in adulthood correlates with increased mortality. Normal weight and unfit people have increased mortality.

Health Risks and Body Weight: Heart disease (CHD): Obesity and heart disease are related. Central obesity is especially harmful. Inactivity is harmful. Obesity increases risk factors for CHD. Weight loss can lower risk factors for CHD.

Health Risks and Body Weight Diabetes: 2x more likely to develop in an obese person. Central obesity is related to diabetes. Increased insulin resistance in obese people. Weight gain (11-24 lbs) since age 18 doubles the risk of developing diabetes. Weight loss improves glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.

Energy balance in our bodies. Energy input – the food we eat. Energy output – activity and our body’s metabolism What happens when energy input is less than energy output? Energy is obtained from the glycogen stores. Then energy is obtained from the fat stores ( and the person loses weight) Then energy is obtained from the body’s tissues proteins (eg. Muscles) and the body begins to waste away.

Health Risks and Body Weight Underweight: Malnutrition, Illness, Smoking habits, Extreme physical activity. Inadequate immune response and decreased ability to fight disease. Infertility. Osteoporosis and bone fractures. Increased weight increases health.