Politics and government The People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和 国（ PRC/China ）  National Flag  National Emblem  National Anthem The Chinese Communist Party--- 中国共产党 The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China--- 中华人民共和国宪法

The Government National People’s Congress--- 全国人民代 表大会 The President of the People’s Republic of China The State Council/The Central People’s Government--- 国务院 / 中央人民政府

The Government The Central Military Commission (CMC)--- 中 央军委 The People’s Courts--- 人民法院 People’s Procuratorates--- 人民检察院 The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)--- 中国人民政治协商会 议

The People’s Republic of China

National Flag--- A five star red flag  A red rectangle emblazoned with five stars  The big star  Four small stars

National Emblem  Tian’anmen gate  Five shining stars  Ears of grain  A cogwheel

National Anthem--- “March of the Volunteers”  Arise, you who refuse to be slaves!  With our flesh and blood, let us build our new Great Wall!  the Chinese nation faces its greatest danger,  From each one the urgent call for action comes forth:  Arise! Arise! Arise!  Millions with one heart,  Braving the enemy's fire,  March on! March on! March on! On!

National Flag, National Emblem and National Anthem have represented a country’s past and present. What are the connotations of Chinese National Flag, National Emblem and National Anthem? What do you know about the song “March of the Volunteers”? Please check as much information as possible about its author as well as the composer of the song? Questions

 General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee---Hu Jintao  the Political Bureau and its Standing Committee Who's Who of CPC Leadership The party in power---

Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: Hu Jintao Wu Bangguo Wen Jiabao Jia Qinglin Li Changchun Xi Jinping Li Keqiang He Guoqiang Zhou Yongkang

The Constitution  The Constitution of 1954  The Constitution of 1975  The Constitution of 1978  The Constitution of 1982(adopted at the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress)

The Constitution The Preamble General Principles Fundamental Rights and Duties of Citizens Structure of the State National Flag, Emblem the Capital

The Constitution--- basic law of the country and the highest legal authority  Nature of the State  State Power  The Compositive Form of the State  Economic System  Fundamental Rights of Citizens  State Structure

Nature of State The People’s Republic of China is a socialist countrythe people’s democratic dictatorship a socialist country under the people’s democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and farmers.

State Power The real power resides in the people.

The Compositive Form of the State a unified multi-national country Regional National Autonomy SAR

Economic System the public ownership of means of production Main form of distribution--- “to each according to his work” ownership by whole people and collective ownership by the working people

Fundamental Rights of Citizens  The freedom of the person, the personal dignity of citizens;  The right to make complaints and bring charges against state organs or functionaries for violation of the law or dereliction of duty to relevant state organs;  The protection of women, children, senior citizens, marriage and the family;

Letting the Chinese live with greater dignity Letting the Chinese live with greater dignity   Chinese citizens shall enjoy full freedom and rights within the framework of the Constitution and the laws;   the ultimate purpose of a country’s development should be none other than meeting the increasing material and cultural needs of the people;   and that social development should be based on the full development of individuals. （ 2010 ）

State Structure/apparatus The local people’s congresses at different levels The local people’s government at different levels

Questions  As the basic law and the highest legal authority of China, the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China is of great importance in providing the legal support for Chinese society; please explain in detail the significance of China’s Constitution.  In the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, the nature of the state, the state power, are emphasized at the very beginning, taking these factors into account, how should citizens perform their fundamental rights?

A. NPC & the local people’s congresses at different levels  Organs of state power  The people’s congress system--- China’s fundamental political system or the system of government.

Permanent body---the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Deputies---elected by provinces, the autonomous regions, the municipalities directly under the central government, the armed forces, and SAR. The highest organ of state power; China’s top legislature

Term of office---five years; meets in session once a year; Functions and powers:  legislation;  decision;  supervision;  election;  removal.

B. The President of P.R.C. China Hu Jintao, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, was elected president of the PRC on March 15, He was born in December 1942,in Jixi, Anhui Province.

Citizens of the PRC above 45years of age and have the right to vote and stand for election; Term of office---five years; serve no more than two consecutive terms;

C. The State Council and the local people’s governments   the state administrative organs

 the highest state administrative organ  the executive body of the highest organ of the state power The Central People’s Government Who’s who in China’s Power house

Premier: Wen Jiabao Vice-Premiers: Li Keqiang Hui Liangyu Zhang Dejiang Wang Qishan State Councilors: Liu Yandong Liang Guanlie Ma Kai Meng Jianzhu Dai Bingguo Secretary-General: Ma Kai (concurrently)

Wen Jiabao is a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and premier of the State Council. He was born in Tianjin in September 1942.

Functions and powers:  Submitting proposals to the National People’s Congress or its Standing committee;  Approving the geographic division of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and approving the establishment and the geographic division of autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties, cities and counties;

a chairman (elected by the NPC) vice chairmen members The highest state military organ

The state organs of justice/state judicial organs ---The People’s Courts The People’s Courts the Supreme People’s Court local people’s courts special people’s courts

 the highest trial organ in the country,  and exercises its right of trial independently.

The state legal supervisory organs/the state procuratorial organs --- The People's Procuratorates Supreme People’s Procuratorate local people’s procuratorates special people’s procuratorates. The People's Procuratorates

 exercises supreme power of legal supervision;  and directs the work of the local people’s procuratorates at different levels and of the special people’s procuratorates.

Questions  Chinese government has been endeavoring in the anti-corruption campaign, but the corruption cases involving government officials have been cropping up from time to time, please try to analyze the very reasons?  Please state the functions and powers of National People’s Congress, China’s top legislature?

 The Nature of the CPPCC An organization of the patriotic united front of the Chinese people. It is an important organization of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC.

 Major Functions of the CPPCC to conduct political consultation; to exercise democratic supervision; to organize its members from various non-CPC political parties, mass organizations and public personages from all walks of life to take part in the discussion and management of state affairs.

 Composition of the CPPCC National Committee local committees  Units the CPPCC Composed of The CPC Public personages without party affiliation Democratic parties

 The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang （ RCCK ）  The China Democratic League (CDL)  The China Democratic National Construction Association (CDNCA)  The China Association for the Promotion of Democracy (CAPD)  The Chinese Peasants’ and Workers’ Democratic Party (CPWDP)  The China Zhi Gong Dang (CZGD)  The Jiusan Society (JSS)  The Taiwan Democratic Self-government League (TDSGL)

The CPC’s basic principle of cooperation between the CPC and the democratic parties Long-term coexistence, mutual supervision, treating each other with all sincerity, and sharing weal and woe.

Do you know this? National People’s Congress The State Council The People’s Courts The People’s Procuratorates The Central Military Commission State organs for legal supervision The highest state administrative organ The state judicial authority The highest state military organ China’s top legislature