The Second Great Awakening

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Presentation transcript:

U.S. History Chapter 15: New Movements in America Section 1: America’s Spiritual Awakening

The Second Great Awakening Second Great Awakening: movement of Christian renewal that began in the 1790s and became widespread in the U.S. by the 1830s

The Second Great Awakening Charles Grandison Finney: one of the most important leaders of the Second Great Awakening Experienced a dramatic conversion in 1821 and left his career as a lawyer and began preaching. Speaking in a forceful and direct style, Finney challenged some traditional Protestant beliefs. Charles Grandison Finney

The Second Great Awakening Finney’s message: Individuals responsible for salvation Sin was avoidable Demonstrate faith by good deeds

The Second Great Awakening Church membership increased Women & African Americans drawn to movement

Transcendentalism & Utopian Communities Transcendentalism—the idea that people can rise above the material things in life Transcendentalists believed that people should depend on themselves instead of upon outside authority.

Transcendentalism & Utopian Communities Transcendentalists Important Figures Ralph Waldo Emerson Margaret Fuller Henry David Thoreau Encouraged people to look within for guidance & to live simply

“I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.” —Henry David Thoreau, Walden

Transcendentalism & Utopian Communities Utopian Communities—place where people worked to establish a perfect society

Transcendentalism & Utopian Communities Most Transcendentalist communities were failures: Brooke Farm Community founded for Shakers by Ann Lee

The American Romantics Artists Focused on the American landscape Thomas Cole

The American Romantics Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter Herman Melville Moby-Dick Edgar Allen Poe The Raven

The American Romantics Other noted poets Emily Dickinson Henry Wadsworth Longfellow John Greenleaf Whittier Walt Whitman

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