Ch 4. Forces & Newton’s Laws of Motion

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Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion

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Presentation transcript:

Ch 4. Forces & Newton’s Laws of Motion Individual Net 5 N force = a push or a pull. 3 N Unit of Force = Newton net force = vector sum of all forces on object 4 N net force = Individual Forces Newton’s 1st Law: object – stays at rest – or constant speed in a straight line – if no net force. 4 N 10 N Net Force Inertia = tendency of object to stay at rest – or constant speed in a straight line – if no net force. 6 N

Mass (m) is the amount of “stuff” in an object free-body-diagram represents object & forces Unit of Mass: kilogram (kg) Newton’s 2nd Law: Acceleration – proportional to Force – inversely proportional to mass Net force: 275 N + 395 N – 560 N = +110 N along the + x axis Units Acceleration: mass of car = 1850kg Unit of Force = Newton

Net force: +17 N Force x component y component +(15 N) cos67 0 N +(15 N) sin67 +23 N +14 N forces

Newton’s 3rd Law: Action = Reaction Force from body-A to body-B = Force from body-B to body-A Magnitude of force is 36 N. Mass of spacecraft is 11,000 kg. Mass of astronaut is 92 kg. What are the accelerations?

Newton’s Law of Gravitation Weight = gravitational force earth attracts object masses m1 and m2 separated by distance r, gravitational force  12 kg 25 kg 1.2 m On earth’s surface

= normal force on scale by man from surface to object Apparent Weight = normal force on scale by man true weight apparent weight

coefficient of static friction. Frictional Force static friction coefficient of static friction. After motion begins coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.05 mass = 40kg What is the kinetic frictional force? coefficient of kinetic friction

Equilibrium Tension Force Equilibrium Cables and ropes transmit forces through tension. Equilibrium Reasoning Strategy select an object in equilibrium draw free-body diagram for object & forces choose x,y axes resolve forces into x,y comps apply equilibrium equations solve for unknown quantities

Equilibrium Force x component y component

Non-Equilibrium When an object is accelerating, it is not in equilibrium. you are given m,a,R,D