The role of the public sector in the formulation and implementation of environmental policy Valter Angell NUPI

OR; KEY ISSUES IN DEVELOPING OUR COOPERATION

WHY ARE WE HERE? BACKGROUND –SINCIERE – CAS COOPERATION WITH CIENS –NORWEGIAN GOV. CHINA STRATEGY –Our common history OUR AIM –HIGH QUALITY SCIENTIFIC OUTPUT –To help a science based development HOW? –COOPERATION BETWEEN SCIENTISTS- THE HUMAN FACTOR – skills – motivation - incentives –COOPERATION BEWEEN INSTITUTIONS A MANAGEMENT CHALLENGE –FRAMEWORK FOR INTERDISIPLINARY COOPERATION - DEPSIR

Norwegian China strategy; …AND

NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCE; STEP BY STEP – TOWARDS DEPSIR UNDERSTANDING THE ECOSYSTEMS –NATURAL SCIENCES END OF PIPELINE SOLUTION –ENGINEERING – S.O.T.A. TECHNOLOGY LEGISLATION –STANDARDS AND CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT CHANGE IN BEHAVIOUR - SOCIAL SCIENCES – taxes and subsidies DRIVERS –PUBLIC INTEREST POLITICAL PARTIES NGOs INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

DRIVERS - MORE SYSTEM DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHINA AND NORWAY – OK! BUT - ONE KEY COMMON ISSUES –AWARENESS RAISING – THE ROLE OF TRANSPARENCY INFORMATION SHARING LANGUAGE

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY PERCEPTIONS –CONFLICT BETWEEN ECONOMIC OUTPUT AND EXTERNALTIES A STATIC VIEW –EXAMPLES; WIN – WIN SOLUTIONS HOW ARE POLICIES CHANGED? –SOME INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES

EX. 1: WORLDBANK 1980, 3 ENVIROMENTALISTS, THEN.. –POLONRESTE ROAD BUILDING IN BRAZIL - DEFORESTATION INDONSIA TRANSMIGRATION AFRICAN WILDLIFE – SIERRA CLUB A LETTER TO YOUR CONGRESSMAN –RESULT; 1990, 300 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERTS IN THE WORLD BANK

EX. 2 ACID RAIN THE LONG STORY –1700 – 1800 – 1900 – 1962, Swedish scientist Svante Oden brought the acid rain quandary to the attention of the press, instead of the less popular scientific journals. He compiled records from the 1950s indicating that acid rain came from air masses moving out of central and western Europe into Scandinavia. EUROPEAN ACIS RAIN POLICY HISTORY –RAINS MODEL – SCIENCE BASED TOOL FOR POLITICIANS –WESTERN NGO’S “WALDSTERBEN”

EX. 3: GLOBAL WARMING The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided that the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 is to be shared, in two equal parts, between the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change.

SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CHALLENGES AND FAILURES DIFFICULT DEALING WITH TWO OBJECTIVES; SCIENTIFIC QUALITY AND INFORMATION TO A BROADER PUBLIC ISSUES TO BE ADRESSES IN OUR COOPERATION