Nuclear Facilities Decommissioning & Design An introduction to SENAC activities JM. Dumas CEA Saclay, DSM/DAPNIA/SENAC, F Gif-sur-Yvette, France Bucharest May 2006

Vilnius Nov 2005 Main objectives  to contribute to the design of nuclear facilities (accelerators, reactors, laboratories,…)  to develop methodologies in radioactive waste management and in radiological impact evaluations  to maintain a high level of expertise in decommissioning (experience feedback in dismantling of accelator facilities)  to take part in educational programs (decommissioning & radioactive waste management) Bucharest May 2006 The SENAC activities

Vilnius Nov 2005 Main applications  design studies for small facilities (ARRONAX cyclotron,…) to large nuclear facilities (ITER, SPIRAL2,...)  biological shielding (adaptation to dose rate limits, application of ALARA method to operate,…),  choice of materials (limitation of radioactive waste produced by activation of components,…)  limitation of release of radioactive gases or particles to environment  nuclear safety & security report to authorities Bucharest May 2006 The SENAC activities

Vilnius Nov 2005 Main applications  global strategy and studies of decommissioning based on radioactive waste management and radioprotection  application of nuclear safety authority requirements,  radioactive waste zoning (nuclear / non nuclear waste),  radioactive waste characterization and classification  radioactive waste processing (treatment, conditioning, transport to storage)  safety of the final state to terminate the nuclear Licensing process (evaluation of the radiological & residual impact) Bucharest May 2006 The SENAC activities

Bucharest May 2005 From decommissioning to design at DAPNIA/SENAC Target station design at ARRONAX cyclotron facility Beam line dismantling at SATURNE accelerator SATURNE proton accelerator E max ~3 GeV (Saclay) ** ALS electron accelerator E max ~700 MeV (Saclay) ** RUS research reactor P=100 KW (Strasbourg) ** ULYSSE research reactor P=100 KW (Saclay) ** RAPSODIE research reactor P=40 MW (Cadarache) ** → SILOE research reactor P=35 MW (Grenoble) → PHENIX power reactor P=250 MW (Marcoule) ARRONAX cyclotron facility (Nantes) ** → SOPHI positron source (Saclay) ** → SPIRAL-2, EURISOL RIB production facilities → CPO proton therapy facility (Orsay) ** → LHC & SPS accelerators (CERN)

Bucharest May 2005 Decommissioning of RUS research reactor

Bucharest May 2005 Decommissioning of ULYSSE research reactor

Bucharest May 2005 Decommissioning of RAPSODIE research reactor LA waste VLA waste Conventional waste

Bucharest May 2005 Residual activity in beam line components at CPO Proton therapy beam line at CPO → Beam collimators Cu 58.7%, Zn 39.2%, Pb 2.1% → Irradiation time 6 minutes with 200 MeV protons → Average mass 7 Kg → Present stock 4.5 tons of irradiated material Residual activity of a collimator Cooling time (days) Activity (Bq/g)

Bucharest May 2005 High intensity positron source SOPHI Shielding calculations for neutrons and photons Electron beam dump design for low neutron production

 Neutron transport in biological shielding Design of ARRONAX nuclear facility TR1 TR2 TR3 TR5 TR4 EX1 CYCLOTRON 70 MeV protons sur la cible Bucharest May 2005  Beam-target configuration / radioisotope yield

Application to waste zoning of SATURNE accelerator facility Conventional waste zone Nuclear waste zone Waste zoning of nuclear facilities Bucharest May 2005 Saturne facility

Application to waste zoning of ALS linear accelerator facility Conventional waste zone Nuclear waste zone Waste zoning of nuclear facilities Bucharest May 2005 ALS facility