Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Emotion Interaction of four components 1. physiological arousal 2. subjective feelings 3. cognitive interpretation 4. behavioral expression
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Core Concept 9-1 Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Evolution of Emotions Survival value--emotions help in coping with important recurring situations: approach positive situations or people (example: love) avoid negative or dangerous situations or people (example: fear)
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Emotional Communication Display rules--permissible ways of expressing emotions in a particular society.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Counting Emotions more than 500 emotion words in English language seven or eight basic emotions complex emotions-blends of basic emotions
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon The Emotion Wheel
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Core Concept 9-2 Two distinct brain pathways connect the biological structures involved in emotions.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Biological Basis of Emotions Two emotion processing systems in brain: (1) quick, automatic, unconscious system--deep brain circuits. (2) slower, more thorough, conscious system--cortex of the brain.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Emotional Arousal and Performance high and low arousal--low performance moderate arousal--higher performance may differ with task difficulty
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Emotional Intelligence Understand one’s own emotions Recognize other’s emotions Manage one’s own negative feels and curtail impulses
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Cues for Detecting Deception Real key--patterns of a person’s behavior over time Other cues in verbal and non- verbal behavior
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Guidelines for Detecting deception False information--pauses in speech and constrained movements. Hiding true feelings--postural shifts, speech errors, nervous gestures, shrugging. Face is easier to control than the body. Eye contact--only in a typical truth-teller.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Polygraph Graphs many measures of physical arousal. Assumes people will display physical signs of arousal when lying.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Core Concept 9-3 Motivation takes many forms, but all involve inferred mental processes that select and direct our behavior.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Motivation Processes involved in starting, directing, and maintaining physical and psychological activities.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Motivation connects observable behavior to internal states. accounts for variability in behavior. explains perseverance despite adversity. relates biological processes to behavior.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Intrinsic Motivation Desire to engage in an activity for its own sake--not for some external reward.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Extrinsic Motivation Desire to engage in an activity to achieve external consequences or rewards.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Conscious Motivation Being aware of the desire to engage in an activity.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Unconscious Motivation Being consciously unaware of the desire to engage in an activity.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Instinct Theory Certain behaviors are completely controlled by innate factors. Now called fixed- action patterns.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Drive Theory Biological needs produce a drive to meet that need-- reduce the drive. Homeostasis-- body’s need to maintain a balanced state.
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Cognitive Theory Locus of control-- beliefs about the ability to control the events in our lives. Internal v. external locus of control
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory Motivation comes from the id in the unconscious mind. Two basic desires Eros-desire for sex Thanatos-desire for aggression
Copyright © Allyn and Bacon Maslow’s Theory of Motivation Hierarchy – needs occur in priority order most biological needs are most basic