SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Quiz 6B

sexual reproduction the joining of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote, which develops into a new individual each offspring receives genes from both its parents get genetic variety

Information about genes most organisms have 2 genes for every trait

Information about genes genes are parts of chromosomes

Information about genes most genes come in pairs

Information about genes most chromosomes come in pairs

Diploid having 1 pair of each type of chromosome in an organism have 2 of every kind of chromosome symbol is 2n

Haploid a cell that has only 1 chromosome of every pair symbol is 1n

Diploid vs Haploid

Normal human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes which is a total of 46 chromosomes. Human diploid number is 46 Human haploid number is 23

Diploid & Haploid Examples HaploidDiploid Honey bee1632 Crayfish Rabbit2244 Watermelon1122 Corn1020

Meiosis the process whereby 1 diploid cell forms haploid cells (gametes) a dividing process during which the # of chromosomes is cut by 1/2 in each resulting cell also called reduction division

Meiosis

Gamete a cell that contains only 1 of each type of chromosome found in an organism a reproductive cell in order to form a haploid cell (gamete)- meiosis occurs in most organisms meiosis produces 1 of 2 types of gametes

2 types of gametes Ova (singular-ovum) - female gametes; usually larger than the male gamete and does not have that power to move itself Sperm - male gametes; usually smaller than ova, but they have some means of moving themselves

2 types of gametes sperm ovum

Spermatogenesis

Oogenesis

Where are gametes formed? Testes – male reproductive organs Ovaries – female reproductive organs In reproductive organs

Fertilization the formation of a zygote from the union of 2 gametes

Zygote a diploid cell formed by the union of 2 gametes