 Global AIS: Unit 5

 The map is for your reference.

 Write these in the boxes on the timeline  Gupta Empire: started in 300 AD  Tang Dynasty: started in 550 AD  Byzantine Empire: started in 425 AD  Muslim Empire: started in 625 AD  Empire: a civilization that takes over other territories and unites them under one ruler o Looking back: The Roman Empire

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 India’s “Golden Age” happened during the Gupta Empire o Golden Age: A time in a culture’s history where there is peace and prosperity. There are many great cultural contributions. o Remember: The Age of Pericles was the Golden Age of Athens  Chandra Gupta started the Empire

 Decimal system o The fact that parts of numbers exist  Arabic Numerals o The numbers we use today o 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on  Concept of Zero o 0 o The concept that nothing can exist in mathematical concepts

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Located in China

 Much of Japanese and Korean culture was borrowed from the Chinese during the Tang Dynasty o Buddhism o Writing System o Confucianism: “Five Relationships” o Respect for Nature

 Remember o What was the Silk Road’s purpose? o What Chinese classical civilization started the Silk Road?  Helped the dynasty move westward  Connected China with western cultures o Muslim o Byzantine

 Gunpowder  Compass  Mechanical Clock  Porcelain  Spinning Wheel  Block Printing

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 Created in the eastern half of the Old Roman Empire  How the Byzantine Empire Compared with the Roman Empire CapitalReligionLanguageOther Information RomanRomePagan, Roman Catholic (Christian) Latin-The western half of the old Roman Empire -Fell into the “Dark Ages” ByzantineConstantinopleEastern (Greek) Orthodox (Christian) Greek-The eastern half of the old Roman Empire -Grew strong and lasted 1000 years Note: The old Roman Empire fell and split into the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire.

 Religion o Eastern Orthodox spread to Russia o Renamed as Russian Orthodox  Trade o Many Byzantine ideas were introduced to Russia through trade Cyrillic alphabet Religion Art work (mosaics) Architecture

 Justinian’s Code o The laws of the Byzantine Empire o Based on the Twelve Tables of Rome o Became a basis for many laws in Europe  Art and Architecture  Usually supported the Christian church  Preservers of Greek and Roman Culture o Byzantine Empire saved the knowledge, art, and ideas of the old Roman and Greek Empires

 Organized government  Did not become too big o Unlike the Romans who expanded across three continents or Alexander the Great (Greek)  Minded their own business  1453: The Byzantine Empire falls when Ottoman forces take control!

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 Origin o Out of Mecca, east to India, west across North Africa, and on into Spain o The same as Islam: Islam and the Muslim Empire are very intertwined  Growth (spreading Islam—the religion—to other people) o Military Conquest Took about 100 years to expand most of their empire They were great fighters: If they died in battle, they believed they would go directly to Heaven They treated conquered people fairly Often better than previous rulers Made them more likely to be loyal to their new empire o Trade

 Battle of Tours o 732 AD in Southern France o French Christians (under Charles Martel) defeated the Muslims and stopped their advance into Europe  Golden Age o AD o A time of great learning and cultural diffusion o Remember: what was cultural diffusion?

 Mathematics o Spread Gupta math ideas Remember: what were the Gupta mathematical concepts? o Created algebra and trigonometry  Medicine o Created hospitals and wrote medical textbooks o Doctors required to pass exams to practice medicine  Architecture o Influenced by Byzantine and Indian styles

 Preserved the ideas that they got from the Byzantine Empire  Improved upon those ideas o Ex. Translated Roman writing  The Muslim Empire was the most influential on European culture. o Why? Geographic location (close to Europe) Traded extensively with Europe The Crusades (we’ll learn about those later)

 Astronomy o Learned from Greek ideas Remember: In which Greek cities did those ideas originate? o Study of stars: created astronomical tables  Islamic Law o Based on Islamic religious laws in the Qur’an (Koran) o Became the basis for political laws in the empire That means that religious concepts created an empire’s laws!  Banking o Used money o Allowed credit (borrowing money) to be used