Results webs, goal and objective setting and monitoring design Phase III Comprehensive evaluation, prioritization and strategy formulation Step 24 © Pierre Ibisch 2014

Credits and conditions of use 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design2 You are free to share this presentation and adapt it for your use under the following conditions: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). You may not use this work for commercial purposes. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must remove the Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management logo, and you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar conditions to this one. © Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, 2014 The Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management strongly recommends that this presentation is given by experts familiar with the adaptive management process in general (especially as designed as the Conservation Measures Partnership’s Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation) as well as the MARISCO Method itself. This material was created under the leadership and responsibility of Prof. Dr. Pierre Ibisch and Dr. Peter Hobson, co- directors of the Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, which was jointly established by Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development and Writtle College. Compare: Ibisch, P.L. & P.R. Hobson (eds.) (2014): The MARISCO method: Adaptive MAnagement of vulnerability and RISk at COnservation sites. A guidebook for risk-robust, adaptive, and ecosystem-based conservation of biodiversity. Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, Eberswalde (ISBN ). 195 pp. - The Powerpoint Presentation was conceived by Jamie Call, Christina Lehmann and Pierre Ibisch. Authors of graphs and photographs are indicated on the corresponding slides. Supported by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of the Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ).

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Learning objectives Participants have a good understanding and are able to explain the rationale of this step to demonstrate a theory of change in cause-effect chains, laying out clearly how the project team assumes by the implementation of one or several strategies to achieve a positive impact on the status of the conservation objects. Participants are furthermore able to communicate well the use of setting goals and objectives, goals as specific definitions of the aimed final status of conservation objects to make clear what to work for and, objectives defining specific intermediate results reflecting a change in the threats and contributing factors towards achieving the goals. 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design4

Learning objectives Participants are able to guide a team through the process of setting goals and objectives respecting the criteria for formulating goals and objectives. Furthermore participants have a clear understanding and are able to explain the rationale of designing a monitoring plan as the basis for learning and adaptation of the underlying concept. Participants are able to facilitate the process of the development of a monitoring plan, including the definition of indicators according to certain criteria as well as their measurement. 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design5

? Outline What are results webs, goals, objectives and monitoring design? Why do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? Practical Tips 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design6

? What are results webs, goals, objectives and monitoring design? Results webs are “if-then” cause-and-effect results chains which demonstrate complex interrelationships within biodiversity They are visual representations of a chain of change which shows direct and indirect outcomes of strategies on stresses, threats, contributing factors and biodiversity objects 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design7 © CEEM 2014

? What are results webs, goals, objectives and monitoring design? Goals are the overarching conservation aims in the identified ecosystem; each biodiversity object may be allocated a goal They are the measures which improve the status of the biodiversity objects They are impact-oriented, measurable, time-limited, practical and specific 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design8 © Pierre Ibisch 2014 The river valley and connected lowland, by the year 2030, has increased soil quality, extended forest areas and provides an adequate connectivity for all large predators and is characterized by at least 60% intact and continuous habitats, especially related to ecosystem types that are strongly involved providing water- related ecosystem services.

? What are results webs, goals, objectives and monitoring design? Objectives support the achievement of goals They specifically correspond to the threats and contributing factors which threaten the biodiversity components They are, as goals, results-oriented, clearly defined and measurable, time-limited, feasible and area specific 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design9 © Christina Lehmann 2015 © Christina Lehmann 2014 Until 2020 there are rules and laws for the grazing areas of sheep Until 2019 there are rules and laws for the amount of sheep passing through Until 2025 soils have reached higher fertility (can hold more water, have higher amount of humus etc.) Until 2021 there are laws for the extent of agricultural areas

? What are results webs, goals, objectives and monitoring design? Monitoring design is the plan for long-term control of strategic outcomes It clearly defines method, responsible parties, timeline and location of monitoring 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design10 Management Plan In 2030 the ecosystem will have be in the following conditions:… In order to reach that goal we will pursue the following strategies according to our objectives:…

? Why do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? Results webs = “If-then” assumptions: To detect inconsistencies in logical deduction or to identify unrealistic postulates concerning strategies Are constructed on the basis of the conceptual model → Visualisation deepens understanding of indirect effects of strategies → Predict change that management strategies will bring to ecosystem (help building future scenarios for more effective strategic planning) → Enabling of managers to identify gaps and reduce avoidable risk Development of concrete activities to be carried out according to strategies possible It guides timelining: Allows for identification of “milestone strategies”/ strategies which must be put into place before other steps are taken Opportunity to redesign strategy portfolio 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design11

? Why do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? Goals and objectives provide a benchmark against which plan progress can be tracked Provision of feasible, realistic expectations and steps which must be taken in order to ensure the improvement of biodiversity objects → Easy to detect and even measurable if strategies reach goals and objectives 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design12 Ah! First this, then that! © CEEM 2014

? Why do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? The monitoring design is the basis for learning → Through monitoring, the status and trends of species, habitats and other ecosystem components can be followed over a long timeframe Allows purposeful adaptation of the underlying concept Helps to control the (desired on undesired) outcomes of a strategy to gauge its effectiveness in achieving the desired targets for the biodiversity objects 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design13

? How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? 1.Select 1 strategy from the conceptual model and copy it onto a new yellow card 2.Place it on the left-hand side of the new results-web sheet 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design14 © CEEM 2014

? 2.Assess the impact strategies will have on contributing factors/threats 3.Translate the contributing factors/threats likely to be impacted by the strategy into assumed outcomes → Reformulate them as positive results 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design15 How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? © CEEM 2014

? How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? → Begin analysis with simple results chains before creating complex webs Example When the results are not direct, demonstrate the steps which would result in the expected results (bit by bit) o Educational campaign leads to increased awareness → leads to change in attitudes and habits → results in the desired outcome for a biodiversity object 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design16 © CEEM 2014

? 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design17 How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? © CEEM 2014

? How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? 1.With a monitoring design indicators must be set for the meeting of the set objectives and goals related to the results web It defines S-U-M indicators to assess the impact of each goal or objective: o Sensitive: Change in indicator values must consistently correlate with changes in the condition to be controlled, without any changes over time o Unambiguous: It is clear from the evidence and understanding that the indicator relates directly to the condition being managed o Measurable: It must be possible to take reliable readings with reasonably simple and cost-efficient equipment or methods 2.If further indicators are needed (beyond the ones targeting objectives), they need to be defined 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design18

? 3.Transfer all indicators (including the indicators from the functionality analysis of biodiversity objects in step 5) into a table for the establishment of a monitoring plan; for example: 4.Add the answers to the following guiding questions to complete the monitoring plan:  Monitoring method: How will you measure the indicator/ which method will you use?  Responsible person: Who will do the measurement?  Time: When will you collect the data and at what time intervals?  Place: Where will you collect the data or take the measurement? 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design19 How do we create results webs, set goals and objectives and develop a monitoring design? © CEEM 2014

? Practical Tips 24. Results webs, goal and objective setting, monitoring design20