1 9.1 Polyatomic Ions Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas

2 A polyatomic ion Is a group of atoms. Has an overall ionic charge. Some examples of polyatomic ions are NH 4 + ammoniumOH − hydroxide NO 3 − nitrateNO 2 − nitrite CO 3 2− carbonatePO 4 3− phosphate HCO 3 − hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) Polyatomic Ions

3 Some Compounds with Polyatomic Ions Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4 The names of common polyatomic anions End in ate. NO 3 − nitratePO 4 3− phosphate With one oxygen less end in ite. NO 2 − nitritePO 3 3− phosphite With hydrogen attached use prefix hydrogen (or bi). HCO 3 − hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) HSO 3 − hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite) More Names of Polyatomic Ions

5 Names and Formulas of Common Polyatomic Ions Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6 Names and Formulas of Common Polyatomic Ions Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7 Polyatomic ions of the halogens require prefixes. ClO 4 − perchlorateone oxygen more ClO 3 − chloratemost common form ClO 2 − chloriteone oxygen less ClO − hypochlorite two oxygens less Prefixes for Names of Polyatomic Ions of Halogens

8 The positive ion is named first followed by the name of the polyatomic ion. NaNO 3 sodium nitrate K 2 SO 4 potassium sulfate Fe(HCO 3 ) 3 iron(III) bicarbonate or iron(III) hydrogen carbonate (NH 4 ) 3 PO 3 ammonium phosphite Naming Compounds with Polyatomic Ions

9 Some Compounds with Polyatomic Ions Table 5.7

10 Select the correct formula for each: A. aluminum nitrate 1) AlNO 3 2) Al(NO) 3 3) Al(NO 3 ) 3 B. copper(II) nitrate 1) CuNO 3 2) Cu(NO 3 ) 2 3) Cu 2 (NO 3 ) C. iron (III) hydroxide 1) FeOH2) Fe 3 OH3) Fe(OH) 3 D. tin(IV) hydroxide 1) Sn(OH) 4 2) Sn(OH) 2 3) Sn 4 (OH) Learning Check

11 Select the correct formula for each: A. aluminum nitrate 3) Al(NO 3 ) 3 B. copper(II) nitrate 2) Cu(NO 3 ) 2 C. iron(III) hydroxide 3) Fe(OH) 3 D. tin(IV) hydroxide 1) Sn(OH) 4 Solution

12 Match each formula with the correct name: A. MgS1) magnesium sulfite MgSO 3 2) magnesium sulfate MgSO 4 3) magnesium sulfide B. Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 1) calcium chlorate Ca(ClO) 2 2) calcium chlorite Ca(ClO 2 ) 2 3) calcium hypochlorite Learning Check

13 Match each formula with the correct name: A. MgS3) magnesium sulfide MgSO 3 1) magnesium sulfite MgSO 4 2) magnesium sulfate B. Ca(ClO 3 ) 2 1) calcium chlorate Ca(ClO) 2 3) calcium hypochlorite Ca(ClO 2 ) 2 2) calcium chlorite Solution

14 Learning Check Name each of the following compounds: A.Mg(NO 3 ) 2 B.Cu(ClO 3 ) 2 C.PbO 2 D.Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 E.Ba 3 (PO 3 ) 2

15 Solution Name each of the following compounds: A.Mg(NO 3 ) 2 magnesium nitrate B.Cu(ClO 3 ) 2 copper(II) chlorate C.PbO 2 lead (IV) oxide D.Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 iron(III) sulfate E.Ba 3 (PO 3 ) 2 barium phosphite

16 Writing Formulas with Polyatomic Ions The formula of an ionic compound Containing a polyatomic ion must have a charge balance that equals zero(0). Na + and NO 3 − →NaNO 3 With two or more polyatomic ions encloses the polyatomic ions in parentheses. Mg 2+ and 2NO 3 − → Mg(NO 3 ) 2 subscript 2 for charge balance

17 Learning Check Write the correct formula for each: A.potassium bromate B.calcium carbonate C.sodium phosphate D.iron(III) oxide E.iron (II) nitrite

18 Solution Write the correct formula for each: A.potassium bromateKBrO 3 B.calcium carbonateCaCO 3 C.sodium phosphateNa 3 PO 4 D.iron(III) oxideFe 2 O 3 E.iron (II) nitriteFe(NO 2 ) 2

19 Naming Ionic Compounds Table 5.8

20 Flowchart for Naming Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

21 Learning Check Name the following compounds: A. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 B. FeBr 3 C. Al 2 S 3 D. Mn(NO 2 ) 2 E. NaHCO 3

22 Solution Name the following compounds: A. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Ca 2+ PO 4 3− calcium phosphate B. FeBr 3 Fe 3+ Br − iron(III) bromide C. Al 2 S 3 Al 3+ S 2− aluminum sulfide D. Mn(NO 2 ) 2 Mn 2+ NO 2 − manganese(II) nitrite E. NaHCO 3 Na + HCO 3 − sodium hydrogen carbonate sodium bicarbonate

23 Learning Check Write the formulas for the following: A. calcium nitrate B. iron(II) hydroxide C. aluminum carbonate D. copper(II) hypobromite E. lithium phosphate

24 Solution Write the formulas for the following: A. calcium nitrateCa 2+, NO 3 − Ca(NO 3 ) 2 B. iron(II) hydroxideFe 2+, OH − Fe(OH) 2 C. aluminum carbonateAl 3+, CO 3 2− Al 2 (CO 3 ) 3 D. copper(II) hypobromite Cu 2+, BrO − Cu(BrO) 2 E. lithium phosphateLi +, PO 4 3− Li 3 PO 4