Facilitated Diffusion & active transport. Facilitated Diffusion Integral proteins help molecules through membrane.Integral proteins help molecules through.

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Presentation transcript:

Facilitated Diffusion & active transport

Facilitated Diffusion Integral proteins help molecules through membrane.Integral proteins help molecules through membrane. 3 characteristics3 characteristics –No energy is used –Specific –May become saturated Example: glucoseExample: glucose Glucose molecules entering a cell using facilitated diffusion. Hint: “integral” means a part of, integral proteins go through the plasma membrane (also called transmembrane proteins). Perpherial proteins are only on the surface of the membrane.)

Active Transport Need to move molecules up a concentration gradient.Need to move molecules up a concentration gradient. Uses cellular energy in from of ATP.Uses cellular energy in from of ATP. Ions moving across membrane by active transport. Think: why does the cell need to use energy to pump the yellow balls out? Think about the concentration gradient… is it moving “uphill” or “downhill”?

Molecule that is needed in the cell is moved through protein with another substance.Molecule that is needed in the cell is moved through protein with another substance. Na diffuses back into cell allowing second molecule through.Na diffuses back into cell allowing second molecule through. Coupled channel. Active Transport: Coupled Channels Hint: Find Na on your periodic table – what is it?

Hydrogen ions (H+) are actively pumped out of a cellHydrogen ions (H+) are actively pumped out of a cell Diffusion causes H+ ions to return through a protein.Diffusion causes H+ ions to return through a protein. When H+ returns ATP is produced.When H+ returns ATP is produced. Chemiosmosis ( part of photosynthesis and respiration )Chemiosmosis ( part of photosynthesis and respiration ) Chemiosmosis. Active Transport: Proton Pump Hint: take another look at your periodic table. What is a hydrogen atom without an electron?

Endocytosis Vs Exocytosis Endocytosis:Endocytosis: Cells form a vesicle to move large solid materials into the cell.Cells form a vesicle to move large solid materials into the cell. Exocytosis:Exocytosis: Cells moving large materials out of the cell.Cells moving large materials out of the cell. Hint: when have we used the prefixes ‘endo’ and ‘exo’ before? Look at our Latin roots.

Two types of endocytosis PhagocytosisPhagocytosis –Solid objects moved into the cell. (“phago” mean to eat.) Pinocytosis:Pinocytosis: –Liquids moved into the cell. (“pino” means to drink)

Summary should be at least 4 sentences. 1.Name 3 features of facilitated diffusion. 2.Name 2 ways active transport is different than passive transport. 3.How do cells get large objects inside? What does Garfield have wrong about osmosis?