1920’s Jazz Music and Movies

#1A: Name a famous jazz musician#1A: Name a famous jazz musician #1B: How many musicians are in jazz bands?#1B: How many musicians are in jazz bands? #1C: When was jazz invented?#1C: When was jazz invented? #1D: Has jazz changed over time? Why?#1D: Has jazz changed over time? Why?

HeroZero Week in Rap Reading Jazz Dance Movies

A VERY BRIEF HISTORY OF JAZZ JAZZ A Uniquely American Music

THE BIRTHPLACE OF JAZZ The only music genre native to the US, Jazz (originally spelled Jass) was born in New Orleans, near the end of the 19 th century.

CONGO SQUARE On Sundays, New Orleans slaves met at Congo Square for trading, worship, dancing, singing, and music. These traditional West African rhythms eventually evolved into Ragtime, the precursor of Jazz.

#2: Song analysis in a table Ragtime (Joplin) DixielandSwingBop + hard bop Fusion + neo-big band # of musicians cooperation in the song (unison vs solo) Mood of song Tempo of the song (speed)

2A RAGTIMERAGTIME Ragtime was based on dances, like waltzes, but it is defined by syncopation. Popularity lasted from about 1893 to the beginning of World War I. The most famous ragtime composer was Scott Joplin (right), who started in 1899.

JAZZ IS BORN Buddy Bolden is considered the first bandleader to play Jazz. the self-Proclaimed “King” of the Cornet, known for his loud, clear tone and his freewheeling style. No recordings of his playing have survived.

RED HOT JAZZ RED HOT JAZZ IN THE RED LIGHT DISTRICT (dixieland) Many early jazz musicians got their start working New Orleans’ Storyville District. After Storyville was closed in 1917, many of these musicians made their way to Chicago, spreading Jazz northward. Jelly Roll Morton Louis Armstrong Joe “King” Oliver

First Jazz Recording In 1917, “The Original Dixieland Jass Band”, made the first jazz recording, Livery Stable Blues. Livery Stable Blues Livery Stable Blues A black bandleader was offered the chance to make the first jazz record, but refused because he was afraid others would copy his style.

#3: Do you agree with the bandleader that didn’t make the album? (that others would copy his style if he recorded an album) 3B: Why or why not?

SWING Swing originated in Kansas City and Harlem in the late 1920s and became a national craze. The average big band had 15 members, The music was written to showcase soloists

THE KING OF SWINGSWING Duke Ellington Edward Kennedy Ellington was born in 1899 in Washington, D.C. His band went on to play everywhere from New York to New Delhi, Chicago to Cairo, and Los Angeles to London. His band entertained everyone from Queen Elizabeth II to President Nixon. Wrote and recorded hundreds of musical compositions, all of which will continue to have a lasting effect upon the world.

Benny Goodman …AND HIS COURTCount Basie Basie Artie Shaw Other hot bandleaders included:

Swing Soloists Many talented musicians, both Black and White, first gained fame while appearing with one of the big bands. The bands were integrated long before the concert halls were! Billie Holiday Ella Fitzgerald Ella Fitzgerald

BOP Revolting against the confining nature of swing, Bop (originally bebop) gained prominence in the mid-40s. The top bop musicians included: Thelonius Monk Thelonius Monk Dizzy Gillespie Charlie “Bird” Parker

PROGRESSIVE JAZZ ProgressiveProgressive, or Cool, Jazz developed primarily Progressive on the West Coast in the late 1940s and early 50s. Dave Brubeck Miles Davis

NEO-BOP (hard bop) Small groups led by John Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Cannonball Adderley, Art Blakey, and Max Roach (pictured below, from left to right) made music with crackling, explosive, and uncompromising intensity. Cannonball

Wayne Shorter Keith Jarrett Chick Corea FUSION In the late 1960s, many jazz musicians explored the connections between rock and jazz in a musical style called Fusion. Fusion. The musicians included Wayne Shorter and Chick Corea, and Jaco Pastorius Jaco Pastorius Jaco Pastorius

JAZZ Jazz continues to be a powerful and vibrant musical form. In slightly more than 100 years, it has given birth to approximately two dozen distinct Jazz styles. “The real power of Jazz…is that a group of people can come together and create… improvised art and negotiate their agendas…and that negotiation is the art.” Wynton Marsalis from ‘Jazz, a film by Ken Burns’

#4: Describe how jazz changed over the years

Fred Astaire (Frederick Austerlitz ) the greatest dancer?Frederick Austerlitz dancer Royal Wedding

Bessie Smith Queen of the Blues Down Hearted Blues

Modern Jazz? Maynard Ferguson & Big Bop Nouveau #5A: How is this song similar to the other jazz songs we have heard? #5B: How is it different?

#6A: Name a famous jazz musician #6B: How many musicians are in jazz bands? #6C: When was jazz invented? #6D: Has jazz changed over time? Why?

Movie Stars of the 1920’s America’s Love Affair with the Cinema begins

At first… Movies were not rated. Anyone could go to any movie. The reasoning? No movie was made that was offensive. Studios wanted to make money, so they censored themselves

The biggest Male Star was Rudolph Valentino

Who died in 1926 at age 31 His 1926 “Son of the Shiek” Was filmed in Yuma

America’s Sweetheart was Mary Pickford Who married Douglas Fairbanks, the Star of “The Mark of Zorro”

Douglas Fairbanks and John Barrymore (Drew’s grandfather)

Theda Bara: “The Vamp” who helped force Hollywood to start rating its movies She wasn’t always an angelTheda

“The Vamp”

The most popular Was Clara Bow The “It” Girl

More of “It”

“It’s” Men

One last look at “It”

The Three Stooges Slapstick comedy originating in 1925, but hitting its stride and becoming hugely popular in the mid 1930s-1940s Disorder In Disorder In The Court The Court Three LittleThree Little… Three Little Brideless Groom Brideless Groom Sing A Song Of Sing A Song Of Six Pants Six Pants Malice In The Palace Malice In The Palace