 Topic 10, section 1. Statement Number Assessment Statement 10.1.1State the equation of state for an ideal gas 10.1.2Describe the difference between.

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Presentation transcript:

 Topic 10, section 1

Statement Number Assessment Statement State the equation of state for an ideal gas Describe the difference between an ideal gas and a real gas Describe the concept of the absolute zero of temperature and the Kelvin scale of temperature Solve problems using the equation of state of an ideal gas Gas Laws

 Pressure: o Defined as: a measure of the amount of force, normal to the surface, per square area unit of that surface.  Units of Pressure: o N ·m -2 (Newton per square meter)—a.k.a.: Pascal (Pa) o atm (atmospheres)—non SI unit. 1 atm = x 10 5 Pa Example: Two hollow cubes of side 25 cm with one face missing are placed together at the missing face. The air inside the solid formed is pumped out. What force is necessary to separate the cubes?

 Inside pressure = 0 Pa (no air inside)  Outside pressure = atmospheric pressure = x 10 5 Pa  To separate the two cubes, the force pulling them apart must be equal to the force pushing them together, directed at the area normal to the direction they will be pulled apart (i.e. the area of the cubes’ missing face where they are connected)

 First studied by Charles and by Gay-Lussac (so it’s known by either of their names…but not both)  Investigates the dependence of volume on temperature while the amount of gas (number of moles) and the pressure both remain constant.  Volume increases uniformly as the temperature increases  Extrapolating the linear fit for the plots of V vs. T for various pressures all meet at the same spot on the Temperature axis: °C…absolute zero  Change in Volume is directly proportional to the change in Kelvin temperature

 Investigating the relationship between pressure and temperature of a fixed quantity and volume of a gas.  Pressure increases uniformly as the temperature increases  Extrapolating the linear fit for the plots of P vs. T for various pressures all meet at the same spot on the Temperature axis: °C…absolute zero  Change in Pressure is directly proportional to the change in Kelvin temperature

 Ideal Gases: o Those gases which obeys the equation of state for an ideal gas at ALL temperature, pressure, and volume combinations  Real Gases: o Gases which obey the ideal gas law (the equation of state for an ideal gas) only under a relatively small range of temperatures, pressures, and volumes.

 A WebAssign will be posted that you can use as practice for the Ideal gas law and the individual gas laws. This WebAssign will not negatively impact your grade if you choose not to do it.  There is also a worksheet available (will be posted online) of IB-style questions—some conceptual, some calculations  Keys for both will be made available before the end of next week.