New Netherland A colony started by the Dutch in 1621. To encourage immigration, the Dutch gave large grants of land to people who bring at least 50 settlers to work it. This was called the patroon system. It was diverse, with people with different beliefs moving in from many countries.

Peter Stuyvesant was governor when the English took control in 1664.

New York The English controlled New England and Virginia in 1660. Between them was New Netherland. The English captured New Netherland in 1664. King Charles II gave this proprietary colony to his brother, the Duke of York, who renamed it New York. Section 3

New Jersey The Duke of York gave the southern part of his colony to friends, who named this area of land New Jersey. Like New York, New Jersey was a place of ethnic and religious diversity. Section 3

Figure 3

Pennsylvania (cont.) William Penn was a member of the Quaker faith. Quakers believed: Each person could know God directly through an inner light; believed that Native Americans should be treated as equals; women were spiritually equal to men; were pacifists. Section 3

73. Describe the Quaker religion. Penn saw Pennsylvania as a “holy experiment,” a chance to put his Quaker ideals into practice. 73. Describe the Quaker religion.

Figure 3

Delaware The three lower counties of Pennsylvania became a separate colony known as Delaware. Section 3

Figure 3

Middle Colonies and Economics Read pgs. 103-104 on the Middle Colonies. Answer the following questions: Describe the climate and soil of the Middle Colonies. Define cash crop, and give an example. List four products of the Middle Colonies (things they sold to make a living).

What is the difference between a commercial and subsistence economy? Commercial economy- economies where people have surplus product beyond what they need for their own survival, which they take to a market to trade or sell. Subsistence economy- economies (such as subsistence farming) where families use all they raise for their own needs.

What is a service economy? Some companies make products. Can you think of examples? What’s the difference between the product that Ford (cars) makes and the product that Geico (insurance) makes? Ford is a manufacturing company. Geico is a service company.

Can you think of other examples of service companies? As commercial economies develop, service companies are created. Can you think of examples of service companies in colonial times? Which colonial examples would exist today?

Cultural Diversity What is cultural diversity? Look on page 104 and write a definition in your own words. Is Dickson diversified? Why or why not?

Cultural Diversity New York and New Jersey were mainly settled by Dutch and English colonists, though people from many other countries came there. Pennsylvania was primarily settled by English, German, and Scots-Irish colonists. Delaware’s early settlers were most often from Germany, England, and Sweden.

How did the English culture contribute to the development of the United States? language religious freedom legal system

How did the Scots-Irish culture contribute to the development of the United States? large families settled Tennessee music (bluegrass, country) dance

How did the German culture contribute to the development of the United States? Came as indentured servants Skilled workers (ironwork, glass blowing, and furniture making). German gunsmiths first developed the long rifle; Created the Conestoga wagon.

Which of these cultures do you think was most important to the development of the United States? Give reasons for your answer.