Elements An ___________is a substance that contains only a singe type of ________. The __________of atoms does not matter as long as they are all the same type. Elements ___________be separated into other substances. – Examples: gold, silver, helium, oxygen
Compounds A _______________is a substance that consists of two or more different types of atoms ___________together. – Example: Table salt is a compound because it is made of sodium and chlorine.
Mixtures A __________is a combination of different substances that remain the same individual substances and can be separated by ____________means. – Example: A bowl of apples, oranges, and bananas can be separated by physically removing them from the bowl. Pictures from Chem 4 kids
Comparing Mixtures and Compounds Mixtures Compounds
Parts of a Mixture Homogenous Mixtures – when substances are _______spread throughout a mixture. – Examples: mixing sugar into a cup of water, homogenized milk Heterogeneous Mixtures – when substances are _______evenly spread throughout a mixture – Examples: soil, salsa
Homogeneous Mixture “ Homo ” means the same has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout; maintain one phase (solid, liquid, gas) Commonly referred to as solutions Example: Salt Water Notice the uniform appearance
Solution a mixture of two or more substances that is identical throughout can be physically separated composed of solutes and solvents the substance in the smallest amount and the one that dissolves in the solvent the substance in the larger amount that dissolves the solute Colloids (milk, fog, jello) are considered solutions. Particles are microscopically dispersed. Iced Tea Mix (solute) Water (solvent) Iced Tea (solution) Salt water is considered a solution. How can it be physically separated?
Colloids (heterogeneous) A colloid is a mixture where very small particles of one substance are evenly distributed throughout another substance. They appear very similar to solutions, but the particles are suspended in the solution rather than fully dissolved. The difference between a colloid and a suspension is that the particles will not settle to the bottom over a period of time, they will stay suspended or float.
Heterogeneous Mixture “ Hetero ” means different consists of visibly different substances or phases (solid, liquid, gas) a suspension is a special type of heterogeneous mixture of larger particles that eventually settle Example: Trail Mix Notice the visibly different substances
Suspensions Properties Suspensions separate into layers over time Particles are larger than those in a solutions Examples: Sand in water, muddy water, salad
Homogenous or Heterogeneous?
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Copper
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Rocks
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Jelly Beans
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Table Sugar
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Diamond
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Tea
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salt
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Neon Gas
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Salad
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Pure Water
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Aluminum
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Lemonade
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Silver
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand
Element, Compound, or Mixture? Sand