Grammar Review Phrases and Clauses and Kinds of Sentences according to Structure

Phrases and Clauses Phrase – is a group of words with NO subject or predicate. It does not give a complete thought. Clause – is a group of words WITH a subject and a predicate. It may or may not give a complete thought. DC – a clause with no complete thought. IC – a clause with a complete thought which may function as a complete sentence.

DIRECTIONS Read the group of words. Say P if the group of words is a phrase, IC if it is an independent clause, or DC if it is a dependent clause.

everyone in the graveyard P

Silas paused IC

if he swallowed it DC

when the last of the bits in the song had been consumed DC

through a clutch of half- fallen tombstones towards the front gates P

before taking the brooch from the altar table P

she crouched down and peered at something on the ground IC

before they took the stairs back up to the mausoleum DC

sleep my little baby-oh IC

until the boy is grown and ready to fend himself DC

Kinds of Sentences according to Structure Simple Sentence – made up of 1 IC Compound Sentence – 2 IC’s joined by a coordinating conjunction and a comma Complex Sentence – 1 IC and 1 DC

Kinds of Sentences according to Structure KOSSTRUCTURE SIMA.SS + SP B.SS + CP C.CS + SP D.CS + CP CMPIC 1 + FANBOYS + comma (,) + IC 2 CPXA.IC + SUB. CONJ. / RELATIVE PRONOUN + DC B.SUB. CONJ. + DC + comma (,) + IC C.SUBJECT + comma (,) + RELATIVE PRONOUN + DC + comma (,) + PREDICATE

DIRECTIONS Read the sentence carefully. Tell whether it is SIMPLE, COMPOUND, or COMPLEX.

The inhabitants of the graveyard were worried about Bod’s schooling. SIM

This was a problem because it will be hard for them to protect him outside. CPX

Silas was against it, but he gave in to Bod’s request. CMP

In the end, they decided to stop Bod from going to school and just continue his lessons in the graveyard. SIM

Scarlett, who was Bod’s childhood friend, came back to graveyard. CPX

She, and a certain Mr. Frost, encouraged Bod to discover his mysterious past. SIM

Bod gets into a serious trouble, for Mr. Frost is the man Jack himself. CMP

The graveyard folk delayed the Jacks until Bod was able to take care of them one at a time. CPX

Although Bod was able to defeat Jack Frost, Scarlett became frightful of him. CPX

Bod left his family and friends in the graveyard with a sad heart, yet he is hopeful to begin his new journey. CMP

DIRECTIONS Supply the missing coordinating conjunction to complete the compound sentence.

Silas did not leave Ms. Lupescu, ______ did he let the man Jack’s company kill Bod. nor

Bod and Silas considered Ms. Lupescu as a dear friend, ______ they were filled with regret at her passing. so

Scarlett could have believed Bod’s story, ______ she could have just ran away from him. or

The Sleer entangled the man Jack, ______ he was too engrossed with power and being its Master. for

The Graveyard Book is a tale concerning the dead, ______ it ironically teaches us values for life like courage, hope, and unconditional love. yet