Looking Inside Eukaryotic Cells

PARTS OF A CELL “PARTS OF A CITY”

TWO TYPES OF CELLS 1) PROKARYOTE Without a nucleus = Bacteria

TWO TYPES OF CELLS 2) EUKARYOTE With a nucleus = Animal & Plant

STRUCTURE OF A TYPICAL PLANT CELL

PLANT CELL

CELL WALL “SHORELINE & BOUNDARY” A RIGID LAYER THAT PROVIDES SHAPE AND SUPPORT TO A PLANT CELL

STRUCTURE OF A TYPICAL ANIMAL CELL

ANIMAL CELL

CELL MEMBRANE “OUTER GATE” CONTROLS WHICH SUBSTANCES CAN ENTER OR LEAVE THE CELL

OUTER GATE

NUCLEUS “BRAIN OR COMPUTER” THE CONTROL CENTER OF A CELL THAT DIRECTS THE CELL’S ACTIVITIES; CONTAINS GENETIC MATERIAL CALLED CHROMOSOMES MADE OF DNA

BRAIN = COMPUTER

CYTOPLASM “ATMOSPHERE” THE VISCOUS GEL-LIKE MATERIAL INSIDE A CELL; CONTAINS ORGANELLES “ENVIRONMENT”

ENVIRONMENT

ATMOSPHERE

MITOCHONDRIA “POWERHOUSE” ROD-SHAPED ORGANELLE WHERE ENERGY FOR CELLULAR FUNCTIONS IS PRODUCED

MITOCHONDRIA = POWER PLANT

POWERHOUSE

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM ( E R ) “HIGHWAY” MAZE OF PASSAGEWAYS IN WHICH MATERIALS ARE CARRIED FROM ONE PART OF THE CELL TO ANOTHER

HIGHWAY = TRANSPORTATION

RIBOSOME “FACTORY & PRODUCERS” A TINY STRUCTURE IN THE CYTOPLASM OF A CELL WHERE PROTEINS ARE MADE

RIBOSOME = FACTORY

GOLGI BODY “POST OFFICE” PACKAGES & DISTRIBUTES PROTEINS IN LITTLE BUBBLES TO OTHER PARTS OF THE CELL

GOLGI BODY = POST OFFICE

CHLOROPLASTS “FARM & SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS” CAPTURE ENERGY FROM SUNLIGHT AND USES IT TO PRODUCE FOOD FOR PLANT CELLS ; CONTAIN CHLOROPHYLL

VACUOLE “GROCERY STORE” BUBBLE-LIKE ORGANELLE THAT STORES FOOD, WATER, OR WASTE

LYSOSOME “RECYCLERS & DIGESTION CENTER” A SACLIKE ORGANELLE IN ANIMAL CELLS THAT CONTAINS CHEMICALS THAT BREAKDOWN FOOD OR WASTE MATERIALS

DIGESTION CENTER Lysosomes are relatively large vesicles formed by the Golgi. They contain hydrolytic enzymes that could destroy the cell. Lysosome contents function in the extracellular breakdown of materials.