The process of joining together monomers is known as POLYMERIZATION

Primary Protein Structure The primary structure is the specific sequence of amino acids in a protein Amino Acid

Protein Structures Hydrogen bond Pleated sheet Polypeptide (single subunit) Amino acid (a) Primary structure Hydrogen bond Alpha helix (b) Secondary structure (c) Tertiary structure (d) Quaternary structure

Polysaccharides Complex carbohydrates Composed of many sugar monomers linked together Polymers of monosaccharide chains

Examples of Polysaccharides Glucose Monomer Starch Glycogen Cellulose

QUIZ

1. Which of the following depicts a PROTEIN? B . A . D. C.

2. Which row in the chart below contains correct information concerning synthesis? ROW MONOMER – BUILDING BLOCK SUBSTANCE MADE USING BUILDING BLOCKS 1 AMINO ACIDS PROTEIN 2 SIMPLE SUGARS DNA 3 NUCLEOTIDES STARCH 4 GLUCOSE (MONOSACCHARAIDE) LIPID

3. Bodybuilders require a lot of protein to strengthen their muscles 3. Bodybuilders require a lot of protein to strengthen their muscles. What would you suggest he/or she do? Eat a lot of carbohydrates to grow large muscles. Eat more eggs, fish, chicken, steak Sleep more so proteins can produce in the stomach. Do 100 pushups nightly to increase the production of white blood cells

4. A lab student is observing LIPIDS in the laboratory 4. A lab student is observing LIPIDS in the laboratory. How will the lab student know they they are looking at is a lipid? It will look waxy and oily It will sparkle in rainbow colored hexagons It will be appear white, solid, and full of crystals It will smell like fish, eggs, and chicken

5. Which of the following biomolecules is the main source of energy for living things? A. Carbohydate B. Lipid C. Nucleic Acid D. Protein

6. Proteins fold into millions of different kinds of shapes 6. Proteins fold into millions of different kinds of shapes. What determines the shape of the protein? A. The type of environment it is in B. The mood of the protein C. The types and order of amino acids D. The foods we eat

THE END

NUCLEIC ACIDS DNA & RNA Made of nucleotides Contain C, H, O, N & P Contain genetic information Control the activities of cells

HandOut

BOX ON FRONT TABLE

ENZYME

Enzymes Enzymes are proteins that are used by the cell to speed up and regulate metabolic reactions. Enzymes are biological catalysts that remain unchanged by the reaction.

Enzymes The substrate is temporarily bound to its enzyme at the active site. The enzyme may change shape slightly to accommodate the substrate.

ENZYMES ARE VERY PICKY!!!! ENZYMES ARE VERY PICKY. TEMPERATURE IF IT GETS TOO HOT, TOO COLD – THEY CHANGE SHAPE pH IF IT BECOMES TOO ACIDIC – IF