Warm-up Week 4 Day 2 1.All science is based on which two beliefs? 2.What is the difference between a HYPOTHESIS and a THEORY?

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Presentation transcript:

Warm-up Week 4 Day 2 1.All science is based on which two beliefs? 2.What is the difference between a HYPOTHESIS and a THEORY?

“Matter” Chapter 2, Section 1

What is Matter? Anything that has VOLUME & MASS. ml g

States of Matter. 1.Solid –C–Certain shape –C–Certain volume 2.Liquid –U–Uncertain Shape –C–Certain Volume 3.Gas –U–Uncertain Shape –U–Uncertain Volume

Elements. Simplest substance possible. Building blocks of matter. –112 Elements –92 Natural –8 = Earth’s Crust.

Periodic Table of Elements.

Atoms. Smallest particle of Element. Same Characteristics. 3 Parts. 1.Protons (P + ) 2.Neutrons (N o ) 3.Electrons (E ─ ) (smallest!)

Nucleus. Center of Atom. P+P+ NoNo Outside Nucleus. E-E- “Electron Cloud”

Energy Level: Area around nucleus. Where electrons are.

Atomic Number. # Protons in Nucleus of an Atom. # P + = # E - Mass Number: mass P + + mass N o

Isotope. Atom with diff. # ’s P + and N o Radioactive Decay.

Compounds. Combination of Elements. Ex: H 2 O Stable atoms. Atom. Element. Compound.

Atomic “Bonding.” Coming together. Ex: “male bonding” RECALL: –Energy Levels. 1.Energy Level: ≠ Max. # E - 2.Chemical Bond w/ another atom.

Atoms vs. Ions Atoms = same number P + & E - –E–Ex: (+3) + (-3) = 0 –c–charge is ZERO Ions = same # P +, …but more or less E - –E–Ex: (+3) + (-4) = -1 –E–Ex: (+3) + (-2) = +1 –C–Charge is (+ or -) *sodium ion laser is used to determine the temperature in the mesosphere and the lower thermosphere

Chemical Bond. Force. Holds atoms together.

Ionic Bonds. Force between Positive+ & Neg- Ions. Like a magnet.

Covalent Bonds. 2 atoms Share E -

Metallic Bonds. Ordered!

Assignment. Use the periodic table on p Pick one of the following elements: - Helium (He)- Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N)- Oxygen (O) 1.Draw the element box from the periodic table (5pts) 2.Draw & COLOR a picture of the atom (5pts) a)Make sure the # of PROTONS +, NEUTRONS o and ELECTRONS - is correct! b)Label Protons, Neutrons, Electrons 3.Draw & COLOR a picture of a Positive + or Negative - ION for this atom. (5pts) a)Label Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Assignment Read Chapter 2, Section 1 (pg ) Do Section 2.1 Assessment #1-6 (pg. 43)