Bleeding & Wounds shock burns

Bleeding & Wounds

External Bleeding Three Types Open wounds ___________ (oozing) ___________ (flowing) _________ (spurting) Open wounds _____________ (scrape) Laceration (slice) ____________ (knife cut or paper cut) ______________ (knife stab or bullet) Avulsion (ear lobe tear) ______________ (body part cut or torn off)

Care for Minor External Bleeding Wash with soap and water Flush with water Apply antibiotic ointment Cover wound Seek medical care for wounds with high likelihood of infection

Care for serious External Bleeding Wear gloves if available Cover with clean cloth or gauze Apply direct pressure Apply a pressure bandage Do NOT remove any blood soaked dressings

Infected Wounds Signs of infection Seek medical care for infected wounds. Get tetanus booster shot every 10 years

Recover amputated part. Keep clean, _____, and _____. Care for Amputations Control bleeding. Care for _______. Recover amputated part. Keep clean, _____, and _____. Transport the part with the victim.

Care for impaled objects Expose area. Do NOT remove the object. Control bleeding around the object. __________ the object with bulky dressings.

Wounds that require medical attention Arterial Bleeding Uncontrolled Bleeding Deep Wounds Large or deeply embedded objects Human or animal bite Cut eyelid Possibility of noticeable scar Serious internal bleeding Uncertain how to treat Requires a tetanus shot

Internal Bleeding Care Skin is not broken and blood is not seen. Recognizing internal bleeding Call 9-1-1. Care for shock. If vomiting occurs, roll victim onto his or her side. Care Bruised arm or leg Apply ice for 20 minutes. Apply compression for 2 hours. Elevate if there is no fracture. Serious Internal Bleeding Call 9-1-1 Care for shock If vomiting occurs, roll victim onto his or her side

Dressing Bandages Types Types Absorb blood Prevent infection Protect the wound Types Gauze pads Adhesive strips Trauma dressings Improvised dressings Hold dressing in place Apply pressure to control bleeding Prevent or reduce swelling Support and stabilize an extremity or joint Types Gauze roller bandages Elastic roller bandages Triangular bandages

Shock

Shock Circulatory system failure Pump (heart) failure Fluid loss Pipe failure (blood vessels) Results from serious injury or illness

Recognizing Shock Altered mental status Nausea and vomiting Rapid Breathing Unresponsive in late stages Care for Shock

Anaphylaxis Type of shock Powerful reaction to substances that enter the body Most Common Causes Sign and Symptons Breathing difficulty Skin reaction Swelling of tongue, mouth, throat Sneezing, coughing Tightness in chest Blueness around lips and mouth Dizziness Nausea and vomiting

Using and _____________ auto-injector Care for Anaphylaxis Call 9-1-1 If victim has his or her own EpiPen auto-injector, help with its use Remove safety cap Hold leg still Push firmly against leg and hold for 10 seconds Using and _____________ auto-injector

Burns

Types of Burns Depth of Burns ___________(heat) Burns Chemical Burns Depth (degree) ________ degree (superficial) – affects outer layer of skin ________ degree (partial thickness) – extends to inner layer of skin ________ degree (full thickness) – penetrate all layers of skin Depth of Burns

First Degree Burn (Superficial) Characteristics No medical care Examples Sunburn

Second Degree Burn (Partial-Thickness) Characteristics Medical care for large burn Examples Short direct contact with flame Hot water from stove

Third Degree Burns (Full-thickness) Characteristics Dead nerve endings Immediate medical care Examples Victim in house fire

Extent of burns Rule of the hand Ask Yourself : Victim’s hand equals ____% of _______________. Ask Yourself : Which parts of body are burned? Other injuries or medical conditions? Is patient elderly or very young?

Care for 1st degree burns Cool burn until pain free. Apply moisturizer such as ________ _________gel. Administer OTC pain reliever as needed (ex, __________)

Care for Small 2nd degree burns Cool burn until pain free. Apply antibiotic ointment. Cover burn with dry, nonstick, sterile dressing. Administer OTC pain reliever as needed (eg, ibuprofen). Seek medical care. Care for Large 2nd degree & 3rd degree burns

Chemical Burns Results from ________ or ________ substance touching the skin Acids, alkalis, and organic compounds Chemicals continue to burn as long as they are in contact with the skin; remove quickly.

Care for Chemical Burns

Electrical burns Thermal burn (flame caused by electricity) Clothes catch fire from electrical wire Arc burn (electricity jumps from one spot to another) Spark from electrical wire True electrical injury (current passes through body) Electrocuted from jumper cables

Care for Electrical Burns Make the scene safe. Unplug, disconnect, and turn off electricity. Check responsiveness and breathing. Provide CPR if needed. Care for shock. Call 9-1-1.