Imperialism, the slave trade, columbian exchange, & Mercantilism The New World Imperialism, the slave trade, columbian exchange, & Mercantilism

The Basics Imperialism: a foreign policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially. Ms. Redd’s Easy Definition: When a big country creates colonies in a smaller, weaker country and bosses them around in order to get something out of them. Colony: a land controlled by another nation Colonists: people who live in a colony or settlement

Europeans Settle North America French explorers sailed West hoping to get to the West Indies. Instead they reached the Americas

Europeans Settle North America Giovanni da Verrazano found NY Harbor & Cape Fear, NC Jacques Cartier found a gulf off of Canada’s coast that led to the Broad River – he named it the St. Lawrence River. He also discovered what would become Montreal Samuel de Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence and discovered Quebec Together they helped build New France: France’s colonial empire in North America

New France By the early 1700s much of the modern day Midwest was considered part of New France While France owned a lot of land in the new world, the area was sparsely populated.

What do you think the French colonists are like? STOP FOR A SECOND… What do you think the French colonists are like? What do you think they’ll do for a living?

French Colonists

French Colonists Who were they? What were they interested in? Catholic priests who were trying to convert natives Young men who were single and looking to make money What were they interested in? They did NOT care about building towns or raising families They wanted to make money off of the land. How would they make money? FUR TRADING!

Why did they leave their home country to come to the Americas? Anticipation Guide We have talked about the French…Which other countries were colonizing in North America? When did they arrive? Why did they leave their home country to come to the Americas?

NOPE!

The English Arrive in North America In 1606, King James I gives investors from London orders to create a colony in North America. The investors were the Virginia Company of London 3 Ships & settlers set out for the New World.

Jamestown In 1607, the ships landed on the coast of what is now Virginia and named the colony Jamestown in honor of King James I. This was England’s 1st permanent settlement. Considered the “birthplace of America.”

Life in Jamestown Some small families, but mostly a male population Colonists were looking for gold In the beginning, 70% of the population died of hunger, disease, or battles with the natives.

Life in Jamestown Life improved when farmers discovered tobacco. Colonists were able to grow it in Jamestown & send it back to England for money.

More English Settlements In 1620, 102 Pilgrims landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts. They called themselves “Saints” or “First Comers” They were Separatists looking for religious freedom. Squanto helped them through their first winter in the New World.

More English Settlements Later the Puritans (who also wanted religious freedom from the Anglican Church) established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. They wanted to build a model community At first they had difficulties, but they eventually succeeded due to the family units they had.

Work with your 12 O’ Clock Appointment

The Dutch Enter North America In 1609, Henry Hudson was sent out by the Netherlands to find the Northwest Passage. He explored 3 waterways that are now named for him. Hudson River Hudson Bay Hudson Strait The Dutch claimed these areas and others around New York. They named it New Netherland

Henry Hudson

New Netherland The Dutch colonists were fur traders.. The Dutch had a hard time attracting Dutch colonists, so they invited many different people to be a part of New Netherland. Eventually it was made up of Germans, French, Dutch, Scandinavians, & other Europeans

STOP FOR A SECOND…

THINK, WRITE, PAIR, SHARE Think about the New York area and which territory it was included in on the map. On a spare sheet of paper, write your best guess on how this happened. Share your guesses and then look at Ms. Redd to tell her you’re done.

New York In 1664, the King of England, Charles II was irritated with the fact that the Dutch settlement New Netherland separated the northern & southern colonies. He sent his brother, the Duke of York to drive out the Dutch. They backed down without a single shot fired. He renamed it New York.

English Colonies By 1750, about 1.2 million English settlers lived within the 13 Colonies.