Fall of Rome #48 *Test and Notebook Check Tues. 10/17 *Vocab Due 10/16 Warm Up: Describe the daily activities in a Roman City. Sunday, January 03, 2016Sunday, January 03, 2016Sunday, January 03, 2016Sunday, January 03, 2016

Pax Romana From 30 B.C. until A.D. 180 Rome enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity. This time period is referred to by historians as the Pax Romana, or Roman Peace. This 200 year period of peace and stability allowed the Roman Empire to achieve new heights in technology, agriculture, science, and the arts. The Roman Empire was a very civilized place during this time, and life was generally comfortable, and good.

Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire After 200 years of Pax Romana, Rome fell into a long slow period of decline. Instead of focusing on protecting their borders, Roman armies began fighting against one another. As a result, many outside invaders were able to enter Rome, and cause great destruction. These invaders included the Visigoths, the Huns, the Germans, the Persians, the Slavs, and the Avars. 

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire Economic Decay  Barbarian disruption of trade  No plunder  Drain of gold and silver (on luxuries and military)  Inflation caused by over coinage  Over farming of soil  Slavery and the loss of work ethic

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire Political Decay  Indifference to politics and government  Inability to collect taxes  Military shenanigans (take over, assassination cycle)  No confidence  Tax collection Taking over farmland

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire Military Decay  Military pressure from a growing world  Split loyalty of Barbarian troops  Lack of patriotism of soldiers (fight for $)

Roman Decline. 180 – 476 C.E. (Highlights) Diocletian (284 –305) Strong leader who temporarily stopped the decline. Split Empire in two – created two capitals -western: Latin-speaking Rome -eastern: Greek-speaking (Byzantium) Constantinople Diocletian’s Palace

Constantine moves capital of Empire to Byzantium because: 1.Crossroads of trade 2.Easy to defend 3.Christian city 4.Richer half of the Empire Renamed the city Constantinople

Edict of Milan Constantine did not actually become a Christian, although it is claimed that he was baptized on his deathbed. He ended persecution of Christians in the empire with the Edict of Milan, which declared that the empire would be neutral regarding religion. The Edict also restored confiscated property to churches and individual Christians. Edict: A law issued by a monarch

NEXT FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 476 CE Germanic Invasions Germanic tribes flee Huns, enter Roman lands, sack Rome A.D. 410Germanic tribes flee Huns, enter Roman lands, sack Rome A.D. 410 Attila the Hun Attila—unites the Huns in A.D. 444; plunders 70 cities in EastAttila—unites the Huns in A.D. 444; plunders 70 cities in East Attacks Rome in 452; famine and disease prevents victoryAttacks Rome in 452; famine and disease prevents victory An Empire No More Last Roman emperor falls to Germans in 476; end of Western EmpireLast Roman emperor falls to Germans in 476; end of Western Empire East thrives for another thousand years (Byzantine Empire)East thrives for another thousand years (Byzantine Empire)

FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 476 CE EASTERN EMPIRE CONTINUES FOR ANOTHER 1000 YEARS

Who Would stop the Fall? GroupSave It Let It Go  Army  Government Leadership  Patrician in countryside  Average Roman Farmer  Romans of Foreign Origin  New Barbarian Immigrants  Romans in cities  Christians

LEGACY OF ROME Conquest  Slavery  Brutality  Plunder

Military Skills Professional soldiers Military Tactics Order and Organization

Law  Individual Rights  Due Process  Court System

Government Republic Citizenship Pax Romana

Latin Language Italian French Spanish Portuguese

Architecture  Concrete  Water management  Roads

Roman engineering roads  Romans paved thousands of miles of roads that helped the empire communicate and expand the arch  curved support structure  can support more weight than the post and lintel concrete  a construction material consisting of gravel, sand, water, and cement  sturdy, lightweight, inexpensive

Roman engineering roads  Romans paved thousands of miles of roads that helped the empire communicate and expand the arch  curved support structure  can support more weight than the post and lintel concrete  a construction material consisting of gravel, sand, water, and cement  sturdy, lightweight, inexpensive aqueducts  channels that carry water  supplied Roman cities with large supplies of fresh water allowing them to expand

The Colosseum

The Pantheon