UNIT 4 LESSON 4 THE HOME FRONT AND MINORITIES IN THE WAR

VOCABULARY WACs Rosie the Riveter 442 nd Regimental Combat team Tuskegee Airmen Code Talkers Bracero Program War Bonds

WOMEN

Women found jobs in heavy industry Non traditional jobs for women 3/4ths were married 60% older than 35 Iconic Image: Rosie the Riveter Women expected to step aside from jobs when men came home Child care changed: $50 billion spent by gov’t for child care for working mom

A. PHILIP RANDOLPH

Randolph asserted African Americans would no longer accept 2 nd class citizenship status End discrimination End segregation FDR signed EO 8802 : fair hiring practices in any job funded by gov’t money Est: Fair Employment Practices Committee to enforce

EXECUTIVE ORDER 8802

TUSKEGEE AIRMEN Played key role in the camapign to bomb Germany 1,500 missions in Europe Did not lose a single bomber Allies bomber crews suffered 20% causality rate

TUSKEGEE AIRMEN

HONORING OUR HEROES President George W. Bush signed a Presidential Proclamation on July 23 proclaiming July 26, 2008 as the 60th anniversary of the integration of the U.S. Armed Forces. Joining him were a number of Tuskegee Airmen, including Col. Charles McGee (third from left), who serves on the board of the Red Tail Project. Regrettably, the other Airmen were not identified. Also in the group were Joint Chiefs Chairman Admiral Michael Mullen to Col. McGee's left, and Dept. of Veterans Affairs Secretary James Peake, far right.

KOREMATSU V. UNITED STATES Landmark Supreme Court case Elements of case: Executive order 9066 Internment 1944 Upheld the government’s right to intern citizens during WII

EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066

JAPANESE- AMERICANS 442 nd Regimental Combat Team Nisei Most decorated military unit in American history Part of D Day invasion

442 ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM “GO FOR BROKE”

60 TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE LIBERATION OF FRANCE

CODE TALKERS Navajo Indians Unique language to their tribe Unbreakable Code talkers strategically placed in units to talk to each other Nazi and Japanese could not break their “code”

CODE TALKERS

ML

CODE TALKERS NOW

BRACERO PROGRAM

Mexican labor to work on American farms Hundreds of thousands migrated to U.S. Initiated decades of migratory labor to the West

ZOOT SUIT RIOTS

ZOOT SUITS Few migrants knew English Many lived in slums LA many dressed in “zoot suits” June ‘43 off duty sailors attacked zoot suiters Police arrested zoot suit victims Sig: evidence of long brewing racial tensions

WAR BONDS

SUPPORTING WAR EFFORT National debt $42 billion to $269 billion in 6 years To raise funds: 5% tax increase on workers Millions bought war bonds

IWO JIMA – SEMPER FI

TYPES *Series E,F,G *Defend Bonds *Baby Bonds *Bond Holders *Stamps

OWI – OFFICE OF WAR INFORMATION boost morale propaganda Posters, news ads, radio (Disney)