Cristiano Furiassi Università degli Studi di Torino SSST Public Speaking Cristiano Furiassi Università degli Studi di Torino SSST

Dynamic Presentations Powell, Mark. 2010. Dynamic Presentations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Preparing to present Presenting is a skill Preparing to perform Impact on the audience Rely on facts and figures Ready for questions

Key issues How to start How to finish What to put in What to leave out When to stick to your plan When to depart from it

Connecting with the audience Language skills Voice management Visual aids Body language questionnaire p.5

Opening Capture the audience’s interest Explain it’s worth listening Show authority Provide a map of the presentation

ABCD ATTENTION BENEFIT CREDIBILITY DIRECTION https://www.llas.ac.uk//video/6097 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXVoT7VMCpM

ATTENTION Give (an object) Tell (a story, an anecdote) Quote (someone authoritative) Show (a picture, a video) Ask (something, to do something) Disprove (a myth, a theory)

Key sentences for opening ex. 5 p.7 ex. 7 p. 7

Closing Summary (academia) Action (business, politics, charity) Conclusions (and desiderata) Action (business, politics, charity) Call for action Wisdom (business, politics, academia) Famous wise words Emotion (business, politics, charity) Heart-felt message

Key sentences for closing ex. 2 p. 8 ex. 4 p. 8

Smooth structure Presentation = journey Smooth presentation achieved via textuality Textuality (both speech and writing) Cohesion (form) Coherence (content) “Colorless green ideas sleep furiously”

Key sentences for proceeding (1) ex. 2 p. 10 ex. 3 p. 11

Aims/Goals Targeting the audience ex. 2 p. 12 ex. 4 p. 12 Topic Competence/expertise Logical links between parts/stages ex. 2 p. 12 ex. 4 p. 12

Key sentences for proceeding (2) ex. 6 p. 12

Multimodality Verbal Writing Speech Non-verbal Visuals Body language

Multimodality and ELF Variety of modes leads to improved performance Reliance on visuals may compensate for verbal (language) deficiencies ELF (English as a Lingua Franca)

Voice ex. 1 p. 14

Voice power Fluency Accuracy Speed Pauses Clarity Interest

Delivery ex. 2 p. 14 ex. 8 p. 15

Delivery and style Tempo Volume Expressiveness Articulation Sentence length Register/style Linkers Emphasizers/minimizers

ex. 1 p. 16 ex. 6 p. 17

Visual aids: ornamentation vs credibility Data load Visual impact bullets Color contrast Legibility Font size Scale Aesthetics real objects or props

Effective slides p. 18, 19, 83: comment on slides ex. 7 p. 19: comment on props ex. 5 p. 20

Key phrases for visual aids ex. 7 p. 21 ex. 8 p. 21

The 666 rule No more than 6 words per bullet No more than 6 bullets per slide No more than 6 bullet-point slides in a row

The 10-20-30 rule 10: total number of slides 20: total time allowed 30: minimum font size

Facts and figures Figures should be in your brain, not (just) on the screen Show the audience you’ve done your homework You can’t say everything in your talk Less useful figures should be in the handout

Key phrases for facts and figures ex. 5 p. 23 ex. 7 p. 23 ex. 4 p. 24 ex. 5 p. 25 ex. 6 p. 25

Body language Natural vs artificial Face to face vs face to faces You are your most important visual aid People believe what they see, not what they hear

Key moves for body language ex. 3 p. 26 ex. 5 p. 27 ex. 1 p. 28 ex. 3 p. 28 ex. 6 p. 28

Rapport building Know and target the audience Be open and listen to the audience Connect with the audience Tag questions Be passionate about the topic Detect intelligence types Humor a fun person creates opportunities for laughter to emerge

Key phrases for rapport building ex. 3 p. 30 ex. 5. p. 31

Intelligence types Visual Auditory Logical Physical/spatial Interpersonal Intrapersonal

Key notions for intelligence types ex. 4 p. 33 ex. 6 p. 33

Impact techniques Repetition Mantra: repeated phrase ex. 4 p. 34 Mantra: repeated phrase Alliteration: repetition of the same sound ex. 6 p. 35 Rhetorical questions ex. 3 p. 36

Groups of three (plus one) Opposites Intensifiers Metaphors ex. 7 p. 37 Opposites ex. 2 p. 38 Intensifiers ex. 4. p. 39 Metaphors ex. 5 p. 39

Storytelling: at the beginning or at the end Telling stories/anecdotes ex. 2 p. 42 ex. 4 p. 44 Exaggeration gradability ex. 7 p. 45 Simile ex. 9 p. 45

Q&A session Deal with Define Defuse Divide Deflect Defer Disarm Decline

Dealing with Q&A Anticipate plausible questions from the audience Make sure key themes are explained and linked A second (powerful) close after the Q&A session ex. 10 p. 49