What causes a blighted ovum? Mary M. Gallenberg, M.D.Mary M. Gallenberg, M.D. A blighted ovum, also called an anembryonic pregnancy or anembryonic gestation -occurs when a gestational sac develops without an embryo -often due to chromosomal abnormalities in the fertilized egg. -usually occurs in the first few weeks of pregnancy, -the placenta secretes human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a pregnancy hormone producing early symptoms of pregnancy -the placenta stops growing, hormone levels decrease, and symptoms of pregnancy subside. -eventually results in miscarriage. -then, minor abdominal cramping and light spotting or bleeding are possible. An ultrasound will show an empty gestational sac. Some women choose natural removal of placental tissues Some take medication to trigger the miscarriage. And some opt for a procedure called dilation and curettage (D&C)

Ch 3 Tournament Questions: 1. Which type of cell division produces germline cells? 2.Name the male and female gametes. 3.Site of spermatogenesis. 4.Function of scrotum. 5.Part of sperm anatomy allowing sperm to penetrate the egg. 6.Describe how the two type of twins are created. 7.Site of development of ova. 8.Usual site of fertilization. 9.What are the effects of cocaine on fetal development? 10.How many structures are produced by the end of Telophase I? 11.How many viable gametes result in oogenesis? 12.At which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur? 13.Compare a haploid cell with a diploid cell. 14.How many viable sperm result in one complete meiotic cycle? 15.Name the female reproductive organ. 16.What is FAS and its symptoms in the fetus/newborn?

17. Upon fertilization the zygote begins this type of cell division. 18.What are the effects of thalidomide? 19.What is Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome? 20.What causes a ‘blighted ovum?’ 21.What cause monozygotic twins? 22.What causes dizygotic twins? 23.What may result from of cigarette smoking during pregnancy? 24.What does the fallopian tube, uterine tub, and oviduct have in common? 25.In which part of a testis are spermatids created? 26.Place these terms in their correct sequence during spermatogenesis- Spermatagonium, mitosis, primary spermatocyte, meiosis I, secondary spermatocyte, meiosis II, spermatid 27. In which male structure are sperm cells temporarily stored? 28. What does it mean that the embryo is a morula? 29. Order the terms as they sequence through development of a baby- embryo, blastocyst, zygote, fetus, secondary oocyte, morula 30. Why does only one sperm fertilize the oocyte? 31. What structures develop from the ectoderm? CH 3 Tournament Questions continued……

CH 3 Tournament Questions continued… In which organ does the fetus develop? 33. Which structures develop from the endoderm? 34. Which event restores the diploid number of chromosomes in the a zygote? 35. The process of __________ releases a secondary oocyte into the fallopian tube. 36. The female gonad is the _______. 37.Which stage of meiosis reduces the chromosome number from 2n to n? 38.What are the effects of cocaine on a developing fetus? 39.The analysis of a ________________ can identify chromosomal disorders. 40.Describe the process of creating a karyotype. 41.Having an extra chromosome #21 results in a disorder called_________. 42.A fetus whose karyotype shows one X chromosome is what sex? And has what disorder?