The Periodic Table of the Elements

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Presentation transcript:

The Periodic Table of the Elements Chemistry The Periodic Table of the Elements

Elements Are the building blocks of all things in the world Are made of tiny particles called ATOMS Are pure substances (only one type of atom) ATOMS cannot be broken down

Compounds A pure substance composed of two or more different elements that are chemically joined Water – a compound of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. (H2O)

What is the Periodic Table? A collection of all known elements on earth. It is a table that lists the properties of each element including Atomic Number Atomic Weight Atomic Name Element Symbol

Element Symbols The Swedish chemist Berzelius developed the system used today to determine the symbols for the elements. Based on 3 rules: Rule #1: Use the first letter of the element. i.e: Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)

Rule #2: Use the first two letters of the name of the element. i.e: Calcium (Ca), Beryllium (Be), Aluminium (Al) Rule #3: Use the first letter and the next available letter of the name of the element. i.e: Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl), Berkelium (Bk)

Sometimes symbols are determined by letters from the Latin or German name of the element. In all cases, the first letter is uppercase and the second letter is lowercase. Element Name Latin or German Name Symbol Lead Plumbum Pb Gold Aurum Au Silver Argentum Ag Tungsten Wolfram W

Organization of Periodic Table Groups: The vertical columns of a periodic table. Periods: The horizontal rows of a periodic table. Most periodic tables show the location of: Metals Non-Metals Metalloids (staircase line)

On your own… Using the periodic table on the inside cover of your textbook, fill in your periodic table handout. For each element include: Atomic Number Element Symbol Atomic Weight Number the columns (groups) and rows (periods) Include elements #1-20, 24-30, 47, 50, 78,79, 80 & 82 Using a colored legend, indicate which elements are metals, metalloids and non-metals. Include the staircase line on your periodic table.

Metals (Blue) Metalloids (yellow) Non-Metals (pink) Staircase Line 1 2 3 4 5 6 Non-Metals (pink) Staircase Line