Learning to Program with Alice September 22, 2009

Chapter 2 – P rogram Design and Implementation Vocabulary Words Storyboard Algorithm Pseudocode Syntax Scenario Snapshot Textual Storyboard

Storyboard Is a design approach that is use to create a solution to a problem or plan a list of actions to perform a task. At Pixar, Disney, animators break down a long scenario into sequences of many short scenarios. A storyboard may consist of dozen of scene sketches. Another example, play writers break down a play into individual acts and the acts into individual scenes.

Creating a program that animates objects in a Virtual World is a four- step process: 1.*Read the scenario (a description of the problem or task) 2.*Design (plan ahead) 3.Implement (write the program) 4.Test (see if it works)

Algorithm Step-by-step solution to a problem or task. A procedure for solving a problem. Example: Rise and Shine algorithm Get out of bed Take off pj’s Take a shower Get dressed Eat breakfast Carpool to work

Pseudocode In an artificial and informal language that helps programmers develop algorithms. Notes to one self. Similar to everyday language. User friendly.

Syntax Statement structure and punctuation. Format. Remember: If (condition) then statements;

Scenario A description of the problem or task. A scenario is a problem (or task) statement that describes the overall animation in terms of what problem is to be solved or what lesson is to be taught. Gives all the necessary details in setting up the initial scene and then planning a sequence of instructions for the animation.

Scenario provides answers to the following questions: 1.What story is to be told? 2.What objects are needed? Some objects will play the leading role while some objects are the background. 3.What actions are to take place? These actions will eventually become the instructions in the program.

Snapshot Each sketch is a representation or a snapshot of a scene in animation. It is associated with objects in certain positions, colors, sizes, an poses. They are numbered in sequence They are label with necessary information.

Textural Storyboard For the inpatient programmers! Look like a ‘to-do-list’ Allows us to prepare a planned structure for writing program code. Example: Do the following steps in order: Alien moves up Alien says, ‘Take me to your leader” Robot’s head turns around Etc.

Evaluate and revise! A good idea. Once the storyboard has been designed, it is a good idea to take an objective look to decide what might be changed. Ask the following questions: 1.Does the action flow from scene to scene, as the story unfolds? 2.Do any transitions need to be added to blend one scene to the next? 3.Did you overlook some essential part of the story? 4.Is there something about the story that should be changed?

Your Assignment! Lets Review! Create a visual (see page 23) and a textual (see page 25) storyboard for each of the following scenarios: A child’s game: Alice, the white rabbit, and the Cheshire cat enjoy a game of musical chairs in a tea party scene. One of the characters yells “switch” and they all run around the table to stand beside the next chair. After the switch, a chair is tipped over and the character standing next to it is eliminated from the game (moves away from the table).

Description: Alice, the rabbit, Cheshire cat are waiting to play a game of musical chairs. Sound: None Text: None Scene Number: 1

Description: Game starts! Alice calls out “switch” and they all run around the table to stand beside the next chair. Sound: None Text: Alice calls out “Switch”. Switch Scene Number: 2

Scene Number 3 Description: The characters have ran around the table and stand beside the chair. One chair is to be tipped over. (The Rabbit). Sound: None Text: None

Scene Number 4 Description: A chair is tipped over and the character standing next to it is eliminated from the game and moves away from the table. Sound: None Text: Alice calls out, “You are out Rabbit!” You are out Rabbit!

Your Assignment: Part One: Page 59/47 Exercises: 1 b (A Video Game) and 1 c (An Olympic simulation). Use the handouts! Part Two: Continue to finish Chapter 2 – First Encounters Example Chapter 2 Tips & Techniques