211 حدق علم الفيروسات 211 حدق علم الفيروسات الدكتور / فهد المجحدي مكتب / 2 ب 49 2B49.

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211 حدق علم الفيروسات 211 حدق علم الفيروسات الدكتور / فهد المجحدي مكتب / 2 ب 49 2B49

4. لاقمات البكتريا Bacteriophage الاندماج Lysogenic التحلل Lytic cycle تحتوي على دهون Enveloped - Lipid Human + Animal Viruses الوزن الجزيئي Molecular Weight

مدى العائل Host Range الإنسان Human الحصبة Measles الأيدز AIDS شلل الأطفال Poliomyelitis Human- Animal السعار Rabies many hosts Influenza

التفاعل مع العائل Virus + Host interaction نوع الفيروس نوع العائل الظروف ووقت الإصابة تأثير العوامل الفيزيائية والكيميائية

ظاهرة موت الخلية Apoptosis Program Cell-death أولاً : قتل الخلية بواسطة الأستجابة المناعية Killing by CTL pathway (CTL, NK, …etc) ثانياً : قتل الخلية بواسطة محفزات خارجية Killing by external stimuli Viral infection, Radiation ثالثاً : قتل الخلية عن طريق الأرتباط بالمستقبلات Killing by Receptor (Fas- Rec. w/Fas-ligand)

الأصابة الفيروسية للخلية الاستجابة المناعية Immune Response V.I محفز للظاهرة (+) مثبط للظاهرة (-) DNA Viruses التكاثر الفيروسي Viral Replication (+) Apoptosis ‘s’ phase P53 تزداد بروتين تنظيمي في الخلية Regulatory Protein

مضاد للسرطان P53: anti tumor منشط لعملية النسخ Transcription Activator P53/mdm-2 Transcription يقل أو يثبط DNA virus ‘s’ phase p53 DNA p53 activation تنظيم Regulation Cell Apoptosis Inhibit

Ex. Adeno virus HSV, HBV زيادة increase Viral production إنتاج الفيروس Apoptosis RNA Virus التكاثر سريع Fast Replication. عزل البروتين P53 isolation. تحطيم البروتين P53 damage التداخل في التنشيط P53 interference

RNA Virus التكاثر السريع Fast Replication زياده increase Apoptosis Viral production انتاج الفيروس

التبلور Crystallization Crystalline-TMV انزيمات خاصه Specific enzymes Reverse transcriptase - RT Poliovirus- RNA DNA RT DNA mRNA Protein C.D C.D. : Central Dogma

الانتشار والانتقال في الطبيعة Transmission + dissemination in nature - الفيروس الزمان المكان

Transmission of viruses Respiratory route eg. Influenza A Fecal-oral route eg. Hepatitis A Sexually transmitted route, eg. papillomaviruses Zoonotic Infections Rabies VirusYellow Fever VirusFlaviviruses

القدره على التطفر Mutation Influenza antigenic shift antigenic drift-

Reassortment PB1 PB2 PA HA NA NP M1 & 2 NS1 & 2 PB1 PB2 PA HA NA NP M1 & 2 NS1 & 2 PB1 PB2 PA HA NA NP M1 & 2 NS1 & 2 Human isolate Avian isolate Reassorted virus Antigenic Drift 256 possible

Antigenic Drift UCGACACUUGCG AGCUGUGAACGC UCGACAUUUGCG Mutation Transcription Translation Ser Cys Glu Arg

Tropism الانتحاء ( الخاصية ) للأصابة * تعريف Enterotropic Picornavirus Neurotropic Rabies Pantropic

Cell-Tropism Gene expression Ex. Papovavirus “J.C.” Enhancer Region and Glial cell Receptor Ex. HIVCD4 + T-Cell Proteolytic enzyme Ex. Paramyxo virus F 0 F 1 + F 2 Cleavage Protease (F 1 N) Tissue-Tropism