Traditional African Society

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Traditional African Society

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Presentation transcript:

Traditional African Society

1000 different languages; 1000+ different tribes

An African’s “Search for Identity” 1. Nuclear Family 2. Extended Family 3. Clan 4. Lineage (ancestry) TRIBE

Traditional Family Structures Nuclear Family: C C One man with one, two or more wives and some children C H W W C C Extended Family: U Cs GP A nuclear family with other relatives, like grown children and their families all living together. Grandparents too! C C C H W W C C GP Cs A

CLAN TRIBE Tribe = Many clans connected by a distant common ancestor lineage CLAN TRIBE DISTANT ANCESTOR ANCESTOR Clan Clan Clan Family Family Family Clan Clan Clan Clan Clan Fam. Fam. Fam. Fam. Fam. Fam. Tribe = Many clans connected by a distant common ancestor Clan = Many families with a common ancestor List of African tribes

Mask With Headcloth, Zaire (19c) Tribal Mark  scarification

Scarification For many men in West Africa, scarring is a form of tribal initiation and a sign of bravery. Done with razor blades, the painful process starts at puberty and continues into adulthood. Each tribe has distinctive tattoo designs; this man’s markings indicate his village and his clan and include black magic symbols to keep away evil

Africa : :: America : Ethnic Group Tribe ?

Woman & Child, Kongo

Family Group, Tanzania

Problems of Tribalism Today 1. The tribe is more important than the nation. 2. Inter-tribal warfare  civil wars. 3. Tribal favorites for government jobs:

Traditional African Religion ANIMISM 1. Belief in one remote Supreme Being. 2. A world of spirits (good & bad) in all things. 3. Ancestor worship. 4. Belief in magic, charms, and fetishes. 5. Diviner  mediator between people and the spirit world.

African Diviner (Shaman)

Ancestors have the power to cause good or evil

Fetishes Objects used to communicate with the spirit world

African slaves brought fetishes with them to the Caribbean, where they became... What? VOODOO DOLLS

Other Religions in Africa ISLAM  25% * Nigeria  largest sub-Saharan Muslim countries. CHRISTIANITY  20%

Common Traits or Characteristics of Traditional African Tribal Life The good of the group comes ahead of the good of the individual. All land is owned by the group. Strong feeling of loyalty to the group. Deep respect for ancestors. Religion is an important part of everyday life. Government is in the hands of the chiefs [kings].