Renaissance Europe: The Rebirth
Renaissance “Rebirth”; begins in Florence, Italy Classical culture revival (Greco-Roman) Emphasis on the individual Focus on humanism (study of Classical texts and an emphasis on human potential) Economic Recovery (banking – Medici Family of Florence, trade, manufacturing) Emerging Middle Class (Castiglione’s Book of the Courtier to teach manners) Political Thought: Machiavelli’s The Prince
New Literature & Interests Written in vernacular languages (NOT Latin!) Italian Writers = Dante (Divine Comedy); Boccaccio (Decameron); Petrarch (Sonnets); books written about regular topics, not religious Civic Humanism = people should be involved in political life
Italian Renaissance Art natural human forms Idealistic Realistic perspective Balance Contrapasto – standing on one leg Chiaroscuro –use of shading to create depth and a 3-D look
Italian Artists: The Ninja Turtles Leonardo da Vinci –Last Supper, Mona Lisa, Vitruvian Man Raphael –School of Athens Michelangelo –The Sistine Chapel, Pieta, David (the manly one) Donatello – David (the boy one – first sculpture in the round since Roman period)
Da Vinci, Vitruvian Man
Uses of Art Patronizing art helped rulers and elites solidify and legitimize their power Glorious art and impressive architecture impressed people with the rulers’ power
Renaissance begins in Italy Spreads to the rest of Europe ?
How did technology allow ideas to spread?
The importance of being Gutenberg Circa1440, Gutenberg developed movable type
Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art Painting in OIL detailed Realistic [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”] middle-class, peasant life, portraits Patron = person who pays for art (Kings, Clergy, nobles)
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife (Wedding Portrait) Jan Van Eyck 1434
Jan van Eyck - Giovanni Arnolfini & His Wife (details)
The Writers of the North Erasmus of Rotterdam –most important humanist –Wrote In Praise of Folly –Desire to reform the church; study of ancient Greek/Hebrew texts
To be or not to be that is the question… William Shakespeare –Primary example of the development of use of vernacular Can you quote Shakespeare?
The Merry Wives of Windsor "Why, then the world 's mine oyster" - (Act II, Scene II). "This is the short and the long of it". - (Act II, Scene II). "I cannot tell what the dickens his name is". - (Act III, Scene II). "As good luck would have it". - (Act III, Scene V). King Henry IV, Part I "He will give the devil his due". - (Act I, Scene II). Taming of the Shrew "I'll not budge an inch". - (Induction, Scene I). Julius Caesar "But, for my own part, it was Greek to me". - (Act I, Scene II). Macbeth "There 's daggers in men's smiles". - (Act II, Scene III). "what 's done is done".- (Act III, Scene II). Cymbeline "The game is up." - (Act III, Scene III). "I have not slept one wink.". - (Act III, Scene III). Eaten out of house and home Pomp and circumstance Foregone conclusion Full circle The makings of Method in the madness Neither rhyme nor reason One fell swoop Seen better days It smells to heaven A sorry sight A spotless reputation Strange bedfellows The world's (my) oyster