** In response to handout, write down the questions and answers to the following questions: - (1) How is the climate and geography between North and South different? - (2) What were the population differences between North and South? - (3) What were the economic differences between North and South?

Learning Targets: (1) Students will understand the economy both the North and South before the Civil War. (2) Students will analyze events that increased tension between North and South – Missouri Compromise, abolitionist movement, Mexican Cession, Compromise of 1850, publishing of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, “Bleeding Kansas,” the Dred Scott Decision, and John Brown’s Raid.

Missouri Compromise (1)Maine becomes a free state (2) Missouri becomes a slave state (3) Slavery prohibited in the rest of Missouri Territory north of 36 d. 30’ (4) Slavery allowed into Arkansas Territory south of 36 d. 30’

This map provides a good visual for observing the successive territories added to the United States.

Rising National Tensions - The Abolitionist Movement (early and mid-1800’s) - The Liberator polarizes the nation - The Impact of War with Mexico - Annexation of Texas (1845) brings war - Mexican Cession – doubles size of United States - Wilmot Proviso – proposed 1846, ‘47, & ‘48; upsets the South

Adding new territory always adds to tension between North and South and leads to the questions – (1) Will this new territory allow slavery? and (2) How do we maintain the balance between free and slave states?

- Compromise of 1850 – (1) Texas surrendered territorial claims – (2) California a free state – (3) Slavery not restricted in Mexican Cession, so “popular sovereignty” in Utah and New Mexico territories – (4) Slave trade banned in Washington D.C. – (5) Fugitive Slave Act ** Fugitive Slave Act – further polarizes the nation - Any African American can be accused - No right to testify - Federal marshals have an incentive to declare a slave Rising National Tensions, 1850’s