Review of Unit 5 Structures and Functions of Living Organisms Lesson 35

Congratulations. We have finished Unit 5 Living Organisms Congratulations! We have finished Unit 5 Living Organisms. Now it is time to review what we learned.

Take out your K-W-L chart in your notebook and as we review, write what you learned from this unit on Living Organisms. Write it in the What I Learned section.

In this unit we learned that some living things are unicellular and some are multicellular.

An amoeba is a unicellular organism An amoeba is a unicellular organism. This one and only cell can perform all the life functions.

The amoeba can carry out eating, digestion, locomotion, breathing and removal of waste all in one single cell.

Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell and have differentiated cells that perform specialized functions in the organism.

Multicellular organisms are dependent on each other for the organism to survive, but if one cell dies the organism can keep living.

How are structure and function related in living things?

Function is the job a living thing does, and structure is the shape and the materials the living thing is made of.

Unicellular organisms develop functions that will help them survive, and they develop structure that will support those functions.

We learned that all unicellular organisms must be small, so the organism’s surface area is greater than or equal to the organism’s volume. This allows the organism to ventilate.

We learned that cells within a multicellular organism, such as an elephant, can not ventilate. They are too far away from the surface to get oxygen or release carbon dioxide.

We learned that larger multicellular organisms need transport systems to meet the needs of all cells in the body.

Multicellular organisms have division of labor, which means cells specialize in certain functions. Cells do not do all the functions of the body. They only do a certain function.

All unicellular organisms must be small All unicellular organisms must be small. Larger organisms must be multicellular so the organism can survive.

Circulatory System is responsible for transporting materials throughout the entire body.

We learned that the circulatory system is a system that helps blood to transport nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to nourish them and help them to survive.

We learned the circulatory system is composed of the heart and blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.

We learned that the respiratory system allows much needed oxygen in the air to be taken into the body, while also enabling the body to get rid of carbon dioxide from the body into the air the body breathes out. lungs

Respiration is when the body exchanges the oxygen it takes in for the carbon dioxide it needs to get rid of.

All of this breathing couldn't happen without the respiratory system, which includes the nose, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs.

These two systems work well together These two systems work well together. The respiratory system brings the air into the body and releases carbon dioxide from the body.

And the circulatory system transports the oxygen to the cells and the carbon dioxide to the lungs to be released.

A Skeletal system is made up of the bones of the body.

Every single person has a skeleton made up of many bones Every single person has a skeleton made up of many bones. These bones give your body structure, let you move in many ways, protect your internal organs, and more.

The skeletal system is made up of the skull, the ribs, vertebrae, the pelvis and many, many more. Adults have 206 bones in their body.

A Muscular System is made up of the muscles of the body.

Muscles do everything from pumping blood throughout your body to helping you lift your heavy backpack.

You control some of your muscles, while others — like your heart — do their jobs without you thinking about them at all.

Muscles are all made of the same material, a type of elastic tissue (sort of like the material in a rubber band). Thousands, or even tens of thousands, of small fibers make up each muscle.

You have three different types of muscles in your body: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and skeletal muscle.

The skeletal system and the muscular system work together.

Together, the skeletal muscles work with your bones to give your body power and strength. In most cases, a skeletal muscle is attached to one end of a bone. It stretches all the way across a joint (the place where two bones meet) and then attaches again to another bone.

Skeletal muscles are held to the bones with the help of tendons Skeletal muscles are held to the bones with the help of tendons. Tendons are cords made of tough tissue, and they work as special connector pieces between bone and muscle.

Food is our fuel, and its nutrients give our bodies' cells the energy and substances they need to operate. But before food can do that, it must be digested into small pieces the body can absorb and use.

The digestive system is responsible for taking the food we eat and breaking it down to parts that can be used by the cells of the body.

The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, liver, stomach, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestines, large intestines and the rectum.

The nervous system is in charge of sending out messages throughout the body. The nervous system is comprised of two parts.

The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord The central nervous system is comprised of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system consists of many nerves spread across the body.

The brain is the boss of the body The brain is the boss of the body. The brain is the most complicated organ of our body. It has three major parts. The cerebrum, the brain stem and the cerebellum.

It's the spinal cord and nerves — known as the nervous system — that let messages flow back and forth between the brain and body.

Some of the nerves receive information and some carry information from the brain to the body.

Now take some time to review the vocabulary for Unit 5 with a friend.

In our next lesson we will take a test on all the information we have learned in Unit 5.

Good Job Today! And remember to….

See you next time!