1 LESSON OBJECTIVE To understand leisure provision. LESSSON OUTCOME To be able to explain public, private and voluntary sectors.

TASK: Identify the similarities between the different leisure provisions. Add in the key terms. Add in the characteristics for each leisure provision?

PUBLIC SECTOR Any service that is provided by taxation. Although the national government provides funds from central taxation (local authority grants/ Sport England). The local authority is responsible for building and maintaining the physical recreation and sports facilities for their local community. Users are also charged to use the facilities. Some groups are subsidised. Day – to- day management of facilities may be provided by a private sector company but they must adhere to community provision constraints within the contract. Examples include; large multi sports centres, swimming pools, sports pitches, parks, adventure playgrounds, leisure pools, nature trails, skateboard parks, local sportshall.

Government policy – idea is to: Find out what people want Set standards to match those expectations Deliver to those standards Demonstrate successful delivery Review BEST VALUE

Ways that local authorities may help increase participation Creating links between schools/ clubs, youth services & local authority facilities. Promote the facilities and activities that are on offer. Increase the provision of activities for minority groups. Involve parents and children together.

Why have local authorities sports facilities changed over the past decade? How has this change been achieved? Meet local needs/ expectations/ community demands. Raise standards Competitive ethos; need to break even. Follow government policy. Provision of wider activities. Best value. Development of membership schemes. Facilities are owned by the local authority but run and managed by private companies.

DUAL USE FACILITIES The resources are shared between the school and the local community. Financed from both the education and leisure budgets. The schools’ facilities are used by the public during evenings, weekends and the holidays. Each group has priority at the different times. Schools get a more extensive and well equipped sport and physical recreation facility. However, some local authorities are making a move away from dual use provision.

Full use of facilities Shared funding Organisation easier - single admin body Used by whole community Overuse Increased risk of vandalism/theft Time constraints Ill-defined areas of responsibility Lack of flexibility Lack of time for maintenance Advantages Disadvantages

EXAM QUESTION The organisation and management of local authority sports facilities has changed over the last decade. Why has this been necessary and how has it been achieved? (6 marks) ANSWER Why - Meet local needs/expectations/mother and baby/community demands/more wanting to take part; In order to be more accountable/poor management; Increase efficiency/effectiveness/increase quality/raise standards; Competitive ethos/run professionally/profit making/break even; Follows government policy; Local authorities run out of money/lack of funding;sub max 4 marks How - facilities owned by local authorities but run/managed by private companies; Public Private Initiative (PPI); Provision of wider/narrower range of services/activities; Increase in price/fewer discounts/greater commercialism; Development of membership schemes; Facilities hired out to non-sport users; Bidding process; Best Value; sub max 4 marks

PRIVATE SECTOR The foremost objective is to make a profit. They provide high quality facilities. Their membership and admission charges are higher than public sectors. They target the better off members of the community. They don’t have a public service commitment. Tennis and squash Golf Fitness and conditioning Outdoor and adventurous activities Children’s play facilities Health and spa facilities

Operates on a not for profit basis. Players and participants pay to play; match fees/ subscriptions. Support role; volunteers. Clubs and teams receive grants aid support from the National Lottery, Sport England and the NGB. Clubs and teams will raise money through social activities. Any additional funding generated will go back in to the club to enhance facilities or to provide more or better facilities for members. Tennis clubs Swimming clubs Athletic clubs Gymnastics clubs

RECAP: OBJECTIVES… Public  Provides a service  Cheaper than private  Impacts on health, employment Private Aims to make profit for owner Caters for exclusive/ wealthy clientele Voluntary Grass roots of UK sport Tries to increase participation in a sport

RECAP: CHARACTERITICS…. Public – eg leisure centre  Run by LA as business  Pre-set budget  Managed by LA employees  Subsidised Private – eg fitness club Privately-owned companies Profit-making Managed by owners and employees Funds from membership Voluntary – eg netball club Owned by members Profit/loss Managed by members/ committees Membership fees

EXAM QUESTION Provision for recreation may be provided by the voluntary, public or private sector. What are the characteristics of public provision in contrast to private (4 marks) ANSWER Private - privately owned companies Profit/loss trading Managed by owners/employees Better service/facilities Membership fees/exclusive/expensive Public - Business run by LA Trading at set prices/pre-set budget Subsidised by Council Tax Managed by LA employees Best value/move to private management Facilities not as good Can be ‘pay as you go’ Not necessarily subscription-based Less expensive/exclusive/open to all

WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNT THIS LESSON?